In swine farming, some pig farms or households do not raise their own sows or keep only a limited number. As a result, they often purchase piglets from outside sources, which can sometimes introduce diseases into the farm. In some cases, piglets may accidentally contract illnesses due to poor handling or unsanitary conditions, leading to high mortality rates. To address these issues, the author suggests that large-scale pig farms should aim for self-sufficiency in sow breeding and implement comprehensive biosecurity measures to improve piglet survival.
First, before introducing new pigs, the pens should be thoroughly cleaned. This involves emptying the stalls, rinsing them with high-pressure water, and then disinfecting with a 2-3% caustic soda solution. After drying, formalin fumigation or flame sterilization can be used. All pigs must also be disinfected before entering the facility. Once purchased, piglets should be quarantined for at least three weeks to ensure they are healthy and free of disease before being introduced to the main herd.
Second, it is crucial to source piglets from non-epidemic areas and ensure they come with proper vaccination certificates issued by veterinary authorities. It’s recommended to buy from established, professional pig farms rather than individual households or markets. When selecting piglets, choose those that appear healthy, active, and well-grown, avoiding any that are weak, sickly, or underweight—especially those weighing less than 5 kilograms.
Third, newly arrived piglets are highly sensitive to stress caused by long-distance transport and environmental changes. During the first 10 days, special care should be taken. Upon arrival, group the piglets by size and strength, keeping each group to around 15–20 individuals. Avoid feeding them immediately on the same day; instead, provide glucose saline solution with added vitamin C and B to reduce stress and support recovery.
Fourth, weaned piglets should be fed diets that closely resemble their mother's milk and are easy to digest. Adding active enzyme proteins, whey powder, and citric acid can help improve digestion and survival rates. The feed should be fresh, given in small portions, and offered frequently—4 to 6 times per day. Clean and sufficient water must always be available, and a transition period of about a week is recommended when changing feed.
Fifth, maintaining a clean, dry, and well-ventilated environment is essential for piglet health. The temperature should be suitable, and the area should remain quiet to avoid stress. Especially for early weaned piglets, cold and damp conditions are dangerous. Instead of washing the floor with water, remove manure first and then wipe the floor with a disinfectant mop. If possible, design the nursery as a raised bed system to improve hygiene and comfort.
Sixth, after a 1–2 week acclimation period, if the piglets are eating normally, they should be vaccinated against swine fever, erysipelas, streptococcus, and other common diseases. Each pig should receive one injection. One week later, deworming should be carried out using broad-spectrum, safe, and effective drugs like ivermectin or avermectin, administered over a 7-day period.
Finally, regular observation of piglet behavior, appetite, and feces is important. Any signs of illness should be addressed promptly. Diarrhea is a common issue during this stage, and its causes can vary—bacterial, viral, parasitic, or related to nutrition. A thorough investigation of the cause is necessary before implementing effective preventive strategies.
The following are some antibacterial ingredients such as Turmeric, White Willow Bark Extract, Quercetin Dihydrate White Willow Bark Extract Salicin, Matrine and their classification and main applications:
1. Silver ion: has a broad spectrum antibacterial effect, often used in antibacterial textiles, medical equipment,t and so on.
2. Quaternary ammonium salt: can kill a variety of bacteria, commonly found in disinfectants, antibacterial fabrics, etc.
3. Chitosan: has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria, and has applications in antibacterial dressings, food preservation, etc.
2. Quaternary ammonium salt: can kill a variety of bacteria, commonly found in disinfectants, antibacterial fabrics, etc.
3. Chitosan: has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria, and has applications in antibacterial dressings, food preservation, etc.
4. Plant extracts, such as berberine (berberine), allicin, etc., have certain applications in antibacterial products.
5. Triclosan: Widely used in personal care products.
6. Nanometer zinc oxide: has antibacterial properties, and can be used in antibacterial materials.
7. Propolis: has a certain antibacterial effect and is used in some products.
8. Lysozyme: can break down the bacterial cell wall, and play an antibacterial effect.
9. Tea tree oil: has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria
The main effects of these antibacterial ingredients include:
1. Inhibit or kill bacteria: Reduce the number of bacteria to prevent bacterial infection and spread.
2. Maintain hygiene: Keep the environment and items clean to reduce the risk of bacterial growth.
3. Protect human health: reduce the damage of bacteria to the human body and prevent disease.
Turmeric,White Willow Bark Extract,White Willow Bark Extract Salicin,Matrine,Quercetin Dihydrate
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