Apricot Production Overview
1.1 Economic Significance
Apricots are not only delicious but also highly nutritious. According to nutritional analysis, apricots contain about 11% sugar, 0.9-1.2% protein, 1.4% organic acid, and 0.9% cellulose. Each 100 grams of pulp also provides 26mg of calcium, 24mg of phosphorus, and 1.79mg of carotene. They are rich in amino acids and have a high vitamin content, making them a valuable health food. Recently, the medical community has shown increased interest in apricot kernels due to their content of vitamin B17 (also known as amygdalin), which is believed to have anti-cancer properties and may help prevent tumor growth. This discovery has sparked global attention.
Beyond fresh consumption, apricots are easy to process into various products such as jams, dried apricots, and syrup, which are popular in Southeast Asia, Europe, and the United States. The tree itself is also valuable—its wood is used for handicrafts, its bark can be processed for tannins and gums, and its leaves serve as animal feed. In short, the apricot tree is a multi-purpose resource.
In terms of cultivation, apricot trees are adaptable, resilient, and require relatively low investment. With proper management, they can produce high yields. Trees can yield a small amount in the second year, reach full production by the fourth year, and produce up to 1,500 kilograms per mu. At a price of around 4 yuan per kilogram, this translates to an output value of over 6,000 yuan per mu. This makes apricot farming a profitable and sustainable option, offering both ecological and economic benefits.
1.2 Domestic Production Status
Native to China, apricot trees have been cultivated for over 3,500 years. Historically, they were considered a minor fruit, receiving less attention than apples or pears. As a result, production remained stagnant for many years. However, with the rise of the commodity economy and changing consumer preferences, apricot cultivation has seen significant growth in recent decades.
By 1996, the area under fresh apricot cultivation had reached 180,000 hectares, with an annual output of 655,000 tons. Apricot kernel production grew even faster, reaching over 700,000 hectares by the early 1990s and producing more than 30,000 tons annually. Apricot trees are widely distributed across China, from Guangxi and Yunnan in the south to Heilongjiang in the north, and from Tibet in the west to coastal regions in the east. The majority of production is concentrated in the Yellow River Basin and Xinjiang.
In recent years, several large-scale apricot production bases have been established in traditional growing areas. These projects focus on developing local and superior varieties, adopting advanced cultivation techniques, and improving overall productivity. For example, in Julu County, Hebei Province, the Chulu Red variety has achieved impressive results, with an average yield of 7,500 kg per hectare and a five-year total of 23,000 kg per hectare. The introduction of new greenhouse varieties and trained producers has further accelerated the development of the apricot industry.
1.3 Production Status in Anhui Province
In our province, apricot cultivation has historically been limited and scattered, mainly found in Huaibei. Due to poor management, many trees have deteriorated, leading to low yields. Recently, some new varieties such as Golden Sun Apricot and Kate Apricot have been introduced in parts of the province. Currently, these are still in the early stages of cultivation, with limited scale and low yields. However, those that have entered the fruiting stage have produced yields of up to 1,500 kg per square meter, with market prices ranging from 4 to 6 yuan per kilogram (over 10 yuan per kilogram in supermarkets).
Due to the small scale of cultivation and limited supply, there is currently no significant processing industry for apricots in the province. This creates a strong potential for growth in the fresh apricot market, especially with the increasing demand for healthy and high-quality fruits.
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