The Xiu Zhen mushroom is known for its crisp texture, sweet and refreshing taste, and high nutritional value. It contains rich protein, polysaccharides, vitamins, trace elements, and all eight essential amino acids, making it a popular choice among consumers. Below are the detailed high-yield cultivation techniques for this mushroom:
First, the cultivation season. As a medium to high-temperature edible mushroom, the Pleurotus genus requires specific temperature conditions. During the inoculation stage, the local temperature should not exceed 28°C, while during the fruiting stage, it should not drop below 12°C. In Jieyang, Guangdong, the best time for inoculating the bacterial bags is in September, and the bags can be opened in November.
Second, the preparation of the growing medium. Xiu Zhen mushrooms have strong adaptability and can grow on a wide range of substrates, but it's important to avoid using rain-damaged, rotten, or fermented materials. Based on the biological characteristics of *Pleurotus eryngii*, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the medium should be maintained between 20:1 to 30:1, with a moisture content of 60–65% and a pH level of 6.0–6.5. Common formulations include:
- Formula (1): 50% crushed corn cobs, 28% soybean husks, 17% wheat husks, 2% calcium carbonate, 2% gypsum, 1% sucrose
- Formula (2): 40% cottonseed hulls, 40% sugarcane bagasse, 18% wheat husks, 2% light calcium carbonate
- Formula (3): 30% cottonseed hulls, 10% wheat husks, 20% straight mash, 38% wood dust, 2% light calcium carbonate
Once the ingredients are weighed according to the chosen formula, they are mixed thoroughly and then water is added to achieve a moisture content of around 65%.
Third, bagging and sterilization. The selected plastic bags (17 cm × 38 cm, 0.05 cm thick) are filled with 1.1–1.15 kg of wet material (approximately 0.5 kg dry). After sealing with a plastic collar, the bags are sterilized. At atmospheric pressure, steam is applied at 100°C for 12–14 hours, while autoclaving requires 125°C and 196,000 Pa for 1.5 hours. After sterilization, the bags are cooled before inoculation.
Fourth, inoculation. Once the material inside the bags cools to 28°C, the bags are moved to a sterile room for inoculation. The temperature in the incubation room is initially kept at 24–26°C for the first three days, then lowered to 22–23°C as the mycelium grows. The environment must remain dark, well-ventilated, and with humidity at 60–70%. Mycelium development typically takes about 35 days.
Fifth, fruiting management. The mushroom house should be clean and well-ventilated. Before fruiting, the walls, beds, and floor are treated with copper sulfate and lime water for disinfection. The air is misted to increase humidity to 85–90%. When the mycelium is fully developed and white, the bags are moved into the mushroom house. The top of the bag is cut open, and a cover film is removed during the day and replaced at night to create a temperature difference that stimulates fruiting body formation. Humidity should be maintained at 85–95%, with temperatures ideally between 18–22°C. Excessive humidity can lead to fungal growth, while too low humidity hinders fruiting. Ventilation and indirect light are also important for healthy development.
Sixth, harvesting and turnover. Mushrooms should be harvested when the cap is about 2.5 cm in diameter, with the edges curled and before spores are released. Careful handling ensures the fruit bodies remain intact. After harvesting, the mushroom house is cleaned, and any dead mycelium or primordia are removed. Water is sprayed on the substrate surface to maintain 70–80% humidity, allowing the remaining mycelium to recover and produce a second flush of mushrooms.
Seventh, pest control. Regular monitoring is crucial for disease and pest prevention. Mold, often caused by high humidity and poor ventilation, can be controlled by improving airflow and using lime powder to treat affected areas. For insect pests like mushroom flies and fungus gnats, reducing moisture levels can kill larvae, while adult insects can be trapped using a mixture of monosodium glutamate, sugar, and dichlorvos. Fungus gnats can be managed with triclosan-based sprays.
By following these steps carefully, growers can ensure a successful and high-yield cultivation of Xiu Zhen mushrooms, meeting both quality and quantity demands in the market.
X Ray Full Protection Collar,Full Protection Lead Collar,Large Area Protection Lead Collar,X Ray Lead Thyroid Neck Collar
Longkou Kangxie Medical Instrument Co., Ltd , https://www.kangxiemedical.com