Sawdust is an abundant and cost-effective material that can be used as a soilless substrate in many regions. It has several unique properties that make it suitable for hydroponic or soilless cultivation:
The lightweight nature of sawdust makes it ideal for long-distance transportation and high-rise flower cultivation, as its bulk density is similar to that of perlite and vermiculite.
Sawdust has good water absorption and drainage properties. It suits plants with thick roots, as it maintains the right balance of moisture and air. For plants with fine roots, especially in humid southern cities or coastal areas like Jidandong, the moisture retention of sawdust is very appropriate. However, in drier northern regions, due to its high permeability, sawdust may dry out too quickly, leading to root desiccation and plant death. In such cases, mixing sawdust with peat can improve moisture retention and performance.
Despite its advantages, sawdust has a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), containing approximately 58.4% carbon, 0.26% nitrogen, 0.08% hydrogen, and 2.6% ash. This makes it challenging to decompose naturally, as natural fermentation can take one to two years. To speed up the process, a biological starter like Gumbol can be used. However, proper handling is essential, particularly adjusting the C/N ratio, which is crucial for effective fermentation. Adding an appropriate amount of nitrogen source—such as urea or poultry manure—can significantly improve the fermentation results.
Procedure:
(1) Preparation: Use 2 cubic meters of sawdust, 1 bag of microbial fermenting agent, 2 kg of urea (or 50-100 kg of poultry manure), and 5 kg of rice bran.
(2) Moisture Adjustment: Before adding water, check the moisture level of the sawdust. Aim for 60-65% moisture content—roughly when you squeeze a handful and no water drips out. Too much or too little moisture can hinder the fermentation process. Mix 2 kg of urea with water to create a urea solution.
(3) Mixing: Since spreading the mixture evenly is difficult, mix 1 bag of the microbial fermenting agent with 5 kg of rice bran to create a 6 kg mixture. This helps distribute the microorganisms more evenly throughout the sawdust. Spread the mixture over the sawdust pile and then sprinkle the urea solution evenly. Then, form a pile and cover it with a breathable material.
(4) Turning: After 7–10 days, the temperature should reach around 60°C. At this point, turn the pile once and let it sit for 24–36 hours at high temperature. Repeat the turning process when the temperature rises again to 60°C. After the second turn, let it rest for 5–7 days. When the temperature stabilizes below 40°C, the fermentation is complete. Under normal conditions, the process takes 25–30 days, but if the material is "cooked" further, it can extend up to 30–45 days. For more details, visit the official website or contact us directly.
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