First, the selection of varieties of fatty liver goose production
Variety is one of the important factors affecting the production of fatty liver. Different goose breeds have great differences in liver performance. Not all geese can produce fatty liver. For example, our country's small-scale geese are mainly egg-producing and have poor liver performance, and should not produce fatty liver. Can be used for fatty liver production of large goose species such as lion-headed geese, the average fatty liver weight 600 grams, up to 1400 grams; medium-sized goose geese average liver weight 600 grams, up to 1330 grams; the world famous fat liver special The French Ferdinand goose averages 836 grams of fat and weighs up to 1,780 grams. The French Toulouse goose also calls the average weight of liver weight of the Mongolian and Mongolian geese (1000--1200 grams, with a maximum of 1800 grams). Although the above-mentioned large-scale gooses have good liver performance, they have poor reproductive performance. Both the egg production rate and the fertilization rate of the egg and the hatching rate of the mature eggs are relatively low. Therefore, it is an effective way to raise the production level of fatty liver by using the characteristics of heterosis to cultivate meat liver hairs and use high-yield accessory lines to produce fatty liver. Therefore, in order to produce goose fatty liver in addition to the special selection of fatty liver, it is from the breeding goose farm to purchase the high-yield production line of the production of fatty liver through cross breeding.
Second, the production of fatty liver goose feed
We already know that the main ingredient of goose liver is fat. To make a large amount of fat in the liver, it is necessary to feed high-energy feed to convert high-energy feed into fat. A large number of experiments at home and abroad have proved that corn is the best high-energy feed. The analysis results show that each kilogram of corn contains about 400 mg of choline and 0.25% of phosphorus, which is lower than other high-energy feeds. Because choline has the function of maintaining normal liver function in animals, it is helpful for the transfer of fat in the liver, preventing the excessive deposition of fat in the liver and protecting the liver. Therefore, the higher the choline content in the feed, the better it can prevent fat accumulation in the liver and affect the effect of fertilizer application. In addition, due to the low choline content in corn and poor liver protection, fats are easily deposited to form fatty liver. Therefore, using corn as a fat liver feed, the average weight of fatty liver is 20%--45% higher than that of any other high-energy feed, which is the first choice for the production of fatty liver at home and abroad.
When corn is used as feed, corn kernels are used instead of comminuted corn, because corn has many voids and large volume after smashing, which affects the amount of feed. In order to increase the amount of feed and increase the weight of liver, corn kernels must be used in the feed.
There are three kinds of processing methods for corn kernels, namely, boiled method, dry frying method and soaking method. The three methods are most suitable for water boiling. Pour the selected dry corn (preferably the smaller pellets are better) into a boiling water pan to make the water 10 cm above the corn, boil for 8 minutes, remove and drain and hot mix 2% animal fat, add 0.5% of salt, 0.02% of multivitamins, and appropriate amount of trace element additives can be mixed well with corn.
Third, feeding and management of pre-feeding period
Before feeding, it must be pre-fed for 2 to 3 weeks. Through pre-feeding, the geese can be further developed, and the body can be enhanced, the liver homogeneity can be increased, and the liver quality can be improved. At the same time, through pre-feeding the goose's digestive abilities, the goose can feed a large amount of feed to make the digestive tract enlarge and soft, so that it can bear a large amount of feed during forced feeding. Pre-feeding can feed the full-price compound feed in the early stage, and gradually reduce the compound feed to increase the corn grain content in the diet after 10 days. Feeding corn kernels at the end of pre-feeding is suitable for all feeding corn grains in order to meet the feeding period. It should be emphasized here that the pre-feeding period should be fed with green feed as much as possible to increase digestive tract capacity.
Before the start of pre-feeding, gooses should be subject to epidemic prevention and deworming. In order to be vaccinated against fowl cholera, 10-25 mg ambroxide imidazole should be fed per kilogram of body weight. The pre-feeding period requires feeding and can be grazing once every morning and afternoon. The goose house should be clean, flat, dry and quiet. Feed 2-2.5 animals per square meter on the ground. The water supply is adequate and clean. Stop grazing three days before the end of the prefeed period.
Fourth, feed feeding management
Feeding and management during the feeding period is one of the most critical steps in the goose liver production process. Feeding operation techniques, mastering the amount of each feed, and the length of the feeding period will affect the quality and weight gain of the liver. Before feeding, the goose is loaded in a special cage. According to the specifications of the feeding cage, each cage is usually loaded with 5-6 eggs, and a special feeding machine is used for feeding. Fill in 4 times a day, ie 8 o'clock, 14 o'clock, 20 o'clock, 2 o'clock. The amount of feed can be controlled flexibly according to the variety and size. The amount of feed is insufficient, which affects the weight gain of the liver, and the feeding amount is too large to accumulate food. Times, so each time before filling, you should touch the swelling part. If the feed has been digested, it shows that the digestion capacity is good. The next time you can increase the amount of feeding. However, the esophagus of the goose throat is relatively narrow. When intubating, besides applying oil to the tube, special care must be taken to prevent damage to the esophagus. After the tube is inserted into the esophagus, the left hand fixes on the head and the starter is pressed. The corn kernel advances with the operation of the screw pusher toward the inflating part. The filler worker gently pushes the corn grain down with his right hand, and then starts to step on the starter. And push the corn kernels until they are filled. In general, the feeding period is about 3 weeks, depending on the performance of the goose. If the feeding goose has two eyes, no spirit, apathetic, shortness of breath, messy feathers, body fat, sagging abdomen, no action, and even paralysis, such as indigestion symptoms such as jaundice and diarrhea, indicating that the liver has matured and should be slaughtered in time. liver.
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