The special early-maturing small melon is primarily characterized by its vine growth, with strong resistance to light, heat, and moisture. The fruit has a short cylindrical shape, with a single fruit weighing between 2 to 4 kg. The skin is tender and dark green when unripe, turning pink when mature. The flesh is thick, juicy, and fragrant, making it highly marketable. Yield can reach up to 5000 kg per 666.7 m² (1 mu), making it an ideal choice for overseas vegetable markets.
**First, Seedling Sowing**
(1) **Soil Preparation**: In the area of Tulu Southwest, seedlings are raised before and after the "convulsions" period, typically around March 5th. A nutrient soil mix is prepared using high-quality mature soil combined with organic fertilizer in a ratio of 1:2. After mixing, the soil is sieved and placed into 10 cm x 10 cm nutrient pots. The pots are neatly arranged, watered, and covered with a layer of plastic to maintain warmth and moisture.
(2) **Seed Soaking and Germination**: Full seeds are selected and soaked in hot water at 70°C, three times the volume of the seeds. The mixture is stirred until the water cools to 30°C, then the seeds are rinsed to remove the mucus. After drying slightly, they are wrapped in clean, moist gauze and kept at 30°C for germination. Once the seeds begin to sprout (dew-whitening), they are sown one per pot, covered with 1 cm of soil.
(3) **Seedling Care**: After sowing, the temperature in the seedbed is maintained at 28-30°C. Once the seedlings emerge, the temperature is adjusted to 25-28°C during the day and 12-15°C at night. Overwatering should be avoided, as the small melons are drought-tolerant. If the soil becomes too dry, watering can be done in the morning under sunny conditions, while ensuring proper warmth and aeration afterward. After about 35 days, the seedlings are ready for transplanting when they have developed four leaves or similar to clover.
**Second, Field Preparation**
Before planting, 4000 kg of organic fertilizer, 25-30 kg of ammonium phosphate, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate are applied as base fertilizer per 666.7 m². The soil is tilled, leveled, and formed into beds approximately 120-150 cm wide and 60-80 cm high. Plants are spaced 30 cm apart, watered to promote growth, and then cultivated to encourage root development.
**Third, Post-Planting Management**
(1) **Fertilization and Watering**: When the plants have 5-6 leaves, a "fermented tree fat" method is used. Ditches are dug beside the plants, and chicken manure or cow dung is applied at a rate of 666.7 m². The manure is covered, and after watering, the first female flower is controlled to avoid overgrowth. Once the fruits develop, 500 kg of manure and 15 kg of ammonium sulfate are applied per 666.7 m². During the hot and rainy season, irrigation should be avoided, and drainage must be ensured. If necessary, "water pouring garden" techniques can be used to lower temperatures. Water should be carefully controlled when the melons are ripening.
(2) **Plant Adjustment**: During the flowering and fruiting stage, vines are pruned and trained. Vines are rotated from right to left in a half-circle and pressed down with blocks to control growth. This process is repeated every 4-5 vines. Weak and strong vines are balanced to ensure uniform growth. All side branches below the first female flower are removed. For precocious varieties, 5-6 leaves are left before the last fruit to promote even maturation.
(3) **Pest and Disease Control**: Common pests include Huang Shougua. To manage adult worms, 2.5% deltamethrin diluted 3000 times or 2.5% concentrate can be used. For larvae, 90% trichlorfon or 50% chlorpyrifos diluted 1000-1500 times is recommended. Diseases such as blight and virus disease are common. Blight can be controlled with 72% DuPont Kelu wettable powder diluted 600 times or 72.2% Precloxin 800 times. Virus disease can be prevented with 1.8% plant disease Lingshui agent diluted 1000 times or 25% virus A wettable powder diluted 500 times.
**Fourth, Harvesting and Selection**
Before harvesting, only healthy, high-quality melons without pests or diseases are selected. Fully matured fruits are picked, and seeds are saved for future planting. Other melons can be harvested once they are fully mature. Proper timing and care ensure the best quality and yield.
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