Experts Say China's Agriculture is Faced with Dual Problems of Chemical Fertilizers

The “chemical fertilizers headed, pesticides escort” model has created a series of major issues such as declining soil quality, water pollution, and even agricultural product safety, while increasing China’s grain production year after year. Recently, Yi Jian Xingong’s seminar on the promotion and application of biofertilizers was held in Beijing. Numerous experts conducted in-depth discussions on the above issues. Experts pointed out that our current mode of extensive agricultural management is an unsustainable development model, and we must turn our chemical and agricultural production methods into ecological agricultural production methods.

At the meeting, some experts said that at present, China is the world's largest producer of fertilizers and pesticide production, and from pesticide imports to pesticide exports, half of which are exported to the international market, a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used to pollute the environment, to solve this problem is also facing Great challenge.

Not long ago, the media exposed Shandong Yantai apple growing pesticide bags. Once this matter was exposed, the local apple industry suffered a crisis of confidence. On the same day, Liu Xuanchun, technical director of a professional cooperative from Qixia City, Yantai, spoke about the problem of apple bagging.

Liu Xuanchun said that due to the unreasonable long-term use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides in the local area, the soil has become severely compacted, causing more and more pesticides to be used, the quality of the fruits is getting worse, the pests and diseases are getting worse, and the investment of farmers is getting bigger and bigger. The increasing labor intensity has severely dampened the enthusiasm of farmers.

Similar situations exist in other areas of agricultural production. For example, Shouguang’s vegetables are now faced with a problem of sustainable development with high fertility levels. In the field of food production, “it is not enough to eat without chemical fertilizers and eat bad food with chemical fertilizers” is already very prominent.

Similar to the large-scale use of chemical fertilizers, the problems caused by the large-scale use of chemical pesticides are equally grave. “After hearing a statement from the Ministry of Agriculture, the Chinese people may not eat food without eating pesticides.” Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in Key National Watersheds Xia Qing, the head of the 12th Five-Year Plan Steering Group, expressed emotion when talking about this topic.

“Why the Central Document No. 1 of this year emphasized that the fundamental way for agriculture is in science and technology. It is because under the production methods of increasing production by chemical fertilizers and treating diseases by pesticides, the production capacity of the land has almost reached the limit.” In Yijian Xingnong (Dalian) Biological According to Gao Ming, general manager of Formulation Development Co., Ltd., “If you want to continue to maintain the continuous growth and effective supply of grain and major agricultural products, there is no alternative to using technological innovation methods to solve it.”

Gao Ming said that due to the long-term, large-scale, unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers and excessive use of chemical pesticides, the effective microbial flora and beneficial trace elements in the soil are seriously out of tune, and organic matter is continuously reduced, which in turn leads to continuous soil acidification and continuous reduction in soil productivity. The more land is “leaner”, the more species become “hungry”, and the direct consequence of the continuous reduction in soil fertility is that the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is decreasing, the pests and diseases are aggravated, and the ability of the soil to supply fertilizer, water, and gas to the crops is reduced. At the same time, it is able to cope with adverse climate conditions and buffer capacity of soil pollution, and the resilience of diseases and insect pests has been significantly reduced. Therefore, it has become a vicious circle to strive for high-yield fertilizers, which can only be made by chemical fertilizers and escorted by pesticides.

According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, China's total fertilizer production in 2006 was 66.193 million tons, but the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers was only about 30%. This not only caused huge energy and resource waste, but also raised the cost of farmers' grain production. What deserves more attention is The massive loss of chemical fertilizers has caused tremendous damage to the ecological environment. Due to the continuous increase of pests and diseases, the use of chemical pesticides has also increased year by year, which not only further deteriorated the ecological environment of the land, but also caused damage to the safety of agricultural products.

Experts at the meeting believe that our current agricultural production can be said to be predatory production. We must explore and implement the requirements of the cross-cutting policy of “high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology, and safety” proposed by the Central Document No. In an environment-friendly society, the production of chemical agriculture is transformed into an ecological agricultural production method.