The climate in the province has great changes in winter and spring. The chances of disasters such as low-temperature frost and late-spring are relatively large. Therefore, we must remind farmers to pay close attention to the weather forecast, strengthen comprehensive management, and implement comprehensive defense measures for low-temperature frost in advance to ensure that Rich harvest. Planting fruit trees Pay attention to stamping mats, and if necessary, warming and freezing. The following measures can be taken for fruit trees such as apricots, peaches, and pears cultivated in open fields:
1. Timely spring irrigation, fertilization Fruiting of fruit trees in the spring, and spreading leaves need to consume a lot of water. Spring irrigation and fertilization should be conducted according to the spring conditions of the orchards. The time should be before flowering. Spring irrigation, fertilization per acre with rotten farmyard manure (clean manure) or human fecal urine 200 to 300 kg dilute in a ratio of 1:10 to 12, add urea 20 to 25 kg, pass calcium phosphate 35 to 40 kg, sulfuric acid 10-15 kg of potassium, 3 to 4.5 kg of boron fertilizer and 3 to 4.5 kg of zinc fertilizer are used to supplement the deficiency of soil moisture and nutrients.
2. Straw, plastic film covering the spring irrigation, fertilization can be used to cover the fruit tree tray 1 to 1.5 square meters with crop stalks, weeds, mountain mixed soil, and then covered with a layer of plastic film, play a role in increasing temperature and moisture, effectively reduce soil evaporation, Thus reducing the ease of drought, reducing cold air frost invasion and geothermal heat loss.
3. Spraying salt water before flowering Before the flower buds of fruit trees sprouted to the initial flowering period, finely and evenly spraying 1% of normal saline on the tree body can significantly improve the antifreeze and antifreeze ability of the fruit tree body and effectively prevent flowering frost.
4.Spray growth regulators in the flowering period of fruit trees (in the flower bud stage), spray "plant power 2003" 1200 times liquid or "cloud 120" 1500 times one or two times, can enhance the resistance of fruit trees, especially can significantly improve The ability of various fruit trees to resist cold. At the same time, spraying borax with honey or brown sugar water 200-250 times, not only can meet the boron needed for fruit trees, but also induce the bees to ground to collect powder, thereby improving the fertilization rate and fruit set rate.
5. Smoke Prevention Frost Frost Protection Smoke is the most commonly used method. Specifically, during the flowering and fruiting period of fruit trees, according to the weather forecast, before the low-temperature cold wave, especially frosty evening, weeds, sawdust, and husks are used as fuel. 5 fire points, 15 to 18 kilograms of materials per pile, burning grass at 23 o'clock in the morning, continuously burning smoke, reducing the spread of radiant heat on the ground, while the smoke particles absorb the moisture in the air, so that water vapor is condensed into liquid and emit heat , can increase the temperature of 3 °C ~ 4 °C, in order to reduce the formation of frost. After the sunrise, still continue to smoke to block the sun, so as not to direct sunlight on the frosted flowers and berries, a sudden increase in temperature to make the rapid melting of the cream, so that the sudden increase in flower cell burst and death.
6. Strengthen the management of affected orchards The orchards affected by low temperature frost disasters must strengthen comprehensive management based on fertilizers and waters. They can take timely and uniform sprays of fruit trees and increase the use of available nitrogen fertilizers and zinc fertilizers to reduce the level of damage suffered by the affected people and promote their development. Restore the tree potential. For late-opening flowers, boron spray or artificial pollination is adopted to increase the fruit setting rate to ensure the current year's output.
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