Aequidens rivulatus is a Cichlidae (also known as Cichlidae) that is a medium-sized freshwater tropical ornamental fish native to Ecuador's western and central Peruvian waters. The fish is strong and powerful. After sexual maturity, especially the male fish, the colors are more gorgeous, and it is easy to breed and breed. Therefore, many aquarium enthusiasts like to breed it.
I. Ecological habits
1, morphological characteristics Male body length up to 20cm or so, individual females are smaller. The dorsal fin of the fish is long, extending from the posterior edge of the lid to the anterior end of the caudal peduncle. The caudal and dorsal fins of sexually mature individuals are golden or red. The lower part of the lid has bright green stripes, so it is also called Green Terror.
2. Habits of life The red-tailed kingfish is ferocious, juveniles feed on zooplankton, and can swallow small fish shrimps after they become larger. Before sexual maturity, the species can get along well with each other. After sexual maturity, it has a strong possession of environmental territories. The male and female fish will match themselves. The fish has strong adaptability and can live for a long time in the fertilizer with high organic matter content. The optimum water quality conditions are pH 6.5-8.0, hardness 6-15 dGH, and water temperature 21-25°C. It is tolerant to low temperatures and can feed at 17°C. Although it is a carnivorous fish, it prefers predatory live bait, but after domestication, it can feed pelleted animal feed with higher protein content. The requirement for dissolved oxygen in water is high and it is not tolerant to hypoxia; it is more sensitive to heavy metal ions, especially mercury ions. Therefore, if juvenile fish suffer from small melon worm disease, it should not be treated with mercurous nitrate.
3. Breeding habits Like most Cichlidae fish, its reproductive characteristics are self-pairing and show strong nursery behavior. Like to lay eggs on smooth stones or glass on the bottom of the aquarium, unlike angelfish, eggs can be produced on vertical surfaces. Prior to spawning, paired males and females are inseparable and do not allow other companions to approach. The body color of the male is more beautiful than usual, and male and female fish can see the genital process. The female lays eggs one by one in the corner of the tank, and the male fishes are inseminated by the behavior, and they cooperate very well. If humans randomly select male and female pairs, they often cannot reproduce, and females are often bitten by males. Male and female identification can be performed according to the differences in the characteristics listed in the following table.
Second, artificial propagation method
1. Pairing broodstock Red-tailed crown fishes will be paired on their own during the breeding period. They can feed more than 10 juvenile fish in the same fish tank and reach sexual maturity after 8 to 12 months. If dry feed is used as the main bait, sexual maturity will be later. After sexual maturity, there is often a pair of fish in the same tank first paired successfully, entrenched in the corner of the tank, to drive away other companions panic, scattered away. As long as it is a paired individual, females behave very ferociously, and even with smaller size, they can rival larger sized companions. If the paired brooders are not removed in time, they will bite the fins of other fish. When the paired broodstock is removed in time, new paired broodstock will immediately appear in the remaining individuals.
The broodstock should be intensively cultivated for 1 month before spawning. It is best to be fed with live small fish and shrimp. The best choice for the baitfish is to choose a small, long-tailed fish that can be eaten by red-tailed crown fish. Big fish must be cut into small pieces.
2. The layout of the spawning tanks and the regulation of water quality move the mating broodstock that is in heat to the spawning tank. The size of the spawning cylinder is generally about 0.8m0.5m0.4m. A smooth stone can be placed in the cylinder to allow the broodstock to lay eggs. It is also possible not to put stones to allow fish to spawn on the bottom glass. Compared with the usual feeding period, the broodstock during the breeding period does not have any special requirements for water quality. It is best to add 1/3 new water while controlling the water temperature at 25-27°C.
3. Spawning and hatching When paired broodstocks adapt to the spawning cylinder environment, they usually lay eggs within 1 to 3 days. Prior to spawning, the broodstock cleans the spawning ground with a kiss, and then neatly places 500 to 1,500 eggs under the estate. Eggs are pale yellow and egg diameter is about 1.5mm. Parents are responsible for egg-laying and are very sensitive to external disturbances. Even the close proximity to the suction pipe can cause fierce attacks.
The fertilized eggs hatched after 1 to 2 days, and after 1 to 2 days, the larvae were able to swim. Although broodstock can take care of small fish, they are usually removed after spawning, leaving fish eggs to allow them to hatch on their own, and can be inflated slightly during hatching.
Third, the cultivation of juvenile fish
1. The body length of larvae reared after larvae rearing is about 0.7cm. Rotifers or Artemia larvae can be used as open bait. After 2 to 3 days, the larvae fed after sieving are fed directly. However, they are fed directly after 10 days. Fish worm.
2. Juvenile fish cultured juveniles are agile and easy to use. Hi group tour, grab food violently. If the fish is rich in insects, individual growth will be very uniform, but grow slowly when the body length is below 3cm, then gradually grow up. When the body reaches 3 to 4 cm, it can start to feed its dry feed. The method of feeding and domesticating is: mixing fish and dry feed with water and kneading. The weight ratio of fish to dry food on the first day is 3:1, the next day is 2:1, and the third day is 1:1. Day 1:2 on the fourth day, 1:3 on the fifth day, all on the sixth day with dry feed.
IV. Feeding and transport of adult fish. Feeding of adult fish is similar to juvenile fish, but requires more space. If we can feed more live baits such as small fish and shrimp, individual growth and color development will be better. At the sub-adult stage, the growth of females is gradually slower than that of males.
During the transportation, the eyes of adult fish are easily scratched and infected with bacteria to become blindfolded. Therefore, the temperature of the water should be controlled to be lower during transportation, and the temperature should be lower than 23°C. Packing density can not be too high, such as the transport time within 12h, 70cm long double nylon bag can only put 20 less than the body length of 13cm of adult fish. Transport with small packages is better. For the blindfolded fish, 0.5 mg/L oxytetracycline can be used for promptly splashing or 15 mg/L potassium permanganate solution for 10 min, which can generally be restored.
I. Ecological habits
1, morphological characteristics Male body length up to 20cm or so, individual females are smaller. The dorsal fin of the fish is long, extending from the posterior edge of the lid to the anterior end of the caudal peduncle. The caudal and dorsal fins of sexually mature individuals are golden or red. The lower part of the lid has bright green stripes, so it is also called Green Terror.
2. Habits of life The red-tailed kingfish is ferocious, juveniles feed on zooplankton, and can swallow small fish shrimps after they become larger. Before sexual maturity, the species can get along well with each other. After sexual maturity, it has a strong possession of environmental territories. The male and female fish will match themselves. The fish has strong adaptability and can live for a long time in the fertilizer with high organic matter content. The optimum water quality conditions are pH 6.5-8.0, hardness 6-15 dGH, and water temperature 21-25°C. It is tolerant to low temperatures and can feed at 17°C. Although it is a carnivorous fish, it prefers predatory live bait, but after domestication, it can feed pelleted animal feed with higher protein content. The requirement for dissolved oxygen in water is high and it is not tolerant to hypoxia; it is more sensitive to heavy metal ions, especially mercury ions. Therefore, if juvenile fish suffer from small melon worm disease, it should not be treated with mercurous nitrate.
3. Breeding habits Like most Cichlidae fish, its reproductive characteristics are self-pairing and show strong nursery behavior. Like to lay eggs on smooth stones or glass on the bottom of the aquarium, unlike angelfish, eggs can be produced on vertical surfaces. Prior to spawning, paired males and females are inseparable and do not allow other companions to approach. The body color of the male is more beautiful than usual, and male and female fish can see the genital process. The female lays eggs one by one in the corner of the tank, and the male fishes are inseminated by the behavior, and they cooperate very well. If humans randomly select male and female pairs, they often cannot reproduce, and females are often bitten by males. Male and female identification can be performed according to the differences in the characteristics listed in the following table.
Second, artificial propagation method
1. Pairing broodstock Red-tailed crown fishes will be paired on their own during the breeding period. They can feed more than 10 juvenile fish in the same fish tank and reach sexual maturity after 8 to 12 months. If dry feed is used as the main bait, sexual maturity will be later. After sexual maturity, there is often a pair of fish in the same tank first paired successfully, entrenched in the corner of the tank, to drive away other companions panic, scattered away. As long as it is a paired individual, females behave very ferociously, and even with smaller size, they can rival larger sized companions. If the paired brooders are not removed in time, they will bite the fins of other fish. When the paired broodstock is removed in time, new paired broodstock will immediately appear in the remaining individuals.
The broodstock should be intensively cultivated for 1 month before spawning. It is best to be fed with live small fish and shrimp. The best choice for the baitfish is to choose a small, long-tailed fish that can be eaten by red-tailed crown fish. Big fish must be cut into small pieces.
2. The layout of the spawning tanks and the regulation of water quality move the mating broodstock that is in heat to the spawning tank. The size of the spawning cylinder is generally about 0.8m0.5m0.4m. A smooth stone can be placed in the cylinder to allow the broodstock to lay eggs. It is also possible not to put stones to allow fish to spawn on the bottom glass. Compared with the usual feeding period, the broodstock during the breeding period does not have any special requirements for water quality. It is best to add 1/3 new water while controlling the water temperature at 25-27°C.
3. Spawning and hatching When paired broodstocks adapt to the spawning cylinder environment, they usually lay eggs within 1 to 3 days. Prior to spawning, the broodstock cleans the spawning ground with a kiss, and then neatly places 500 to 1,500 eggs under the estate. Eggs are pale yellow and egg diameter is about 1.5mm. Parents are responsible for egg-laying and are very sensitive to external disturbances. Even the close proximity to the suction pipe can cause fierce attacks.
The fertilized eggs hatched after 1 to 2 days, and after 1 to 2 days, the larvae were able to swim. Although broodstock can take care of small fish, they are usually removed after spawning, leaving fish eggs to allow them to hatch on their own, and can be inflated slightly during hatching.
Third, the cultivation of juvenile fish
1. The body length of larvae reared after larvae rearing is about 0.7cm. Rotifers or Artemia larvae can be used as open bait. After 2 to 3 days, the larvae fed after sieving are fed directly. However, they are fed directly after 10 days. Fish worm.
2. Juvenile fish cultured juveniles are agile and easy to use. Hi group tour, grab food violently. If the fish is rich in insects, individual growth will be very uniform, but grow slowly when the body length is below 3cm, then gradually grow up. When the body reaches 3 to 4 cm, it can start to feed its dry feed. The method of feeding and domesticating is: mixing fish and dry feed with water and kneading. The weight ratio of fish to dry food on the first day is 3:1, the next day is 2:1, and the third day is 1:1. Day 1:2 on the fourth day, 1:3 on the fifth day, all on the sixth day with dry feed.
IV. Feeding and transport of adult fish. Feeding of adult fish is similar to juvenile fish, but requires more space. If we can feed more live baits such as small fish and shrimp, individual growth and color development will be better. At the sub-adult stage, the growth of females is gradually slower than that of males.
During the transportation, the eyes of adult fish are easily scratched and infected with bacteria to become blindfolded. Therefore, the temperature of the water should be controlled to be lower during transportation, and the temperature should be lower than 23°C. Packing density can not be too high, such as the transport time within 12h, 70cm long double nylon bag can only put 20 less than the body length of 13cm of adult fish. Transport with small packages is better. For the blindfolded fish, 0.5 mg/L oxytetracycline can be used for promptly splashing or 15 mg/L potassium permanganate solution for 10 min, which can generally be restored.
Rice is a
finished product made after the process of rice cleaning, glutinous
rice, rice milling, and finished product finishing. The
embryo and aleurone layer of rice contain nearly 64% of rice nutrients
and more than 90% of the nutrients required by the human body. It is the
main food of the people of the South.
The carbohydrate in rice is mainly starch, and the edible rice has higher nutritional value.
Storage taboo
Rice
should not be stored at the same time as foods with high moisture such
as fish, meat, vegetables, etc., otherwise it will easily cause water to
cause mildew; rice should not be stored directly on the ground, and
should be placed on a dry, ventilated and clean pad; indoors should be
stored with high moisture content. Otherwise, it
is easy to absorb water and cause mildew; the family avoids rice stored
in the kitchen because the kitchen has high temperature and high
humidity, which has a great influence on the quality of rice.
Rice
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