Fuzhou snail is an exotic species imported from abroad. Because of its strong growth and reproduction ability, it can easily become out of control and escape and become a pest. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the control when breeding, so as to avoid gains and losses and endanger agricultural production.
A. fulica is native to the Amazon River basin in South America and was introduced to China in 1981. The meat is delicate and delicious, rich in protein, carotene, vitamins and minerals. It is a delicacy on the table. Because of its low fat content, it is a high-quality tonic for patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease. In addition, it is also a feed for some precious aquatic animals. The snails have large individuals, wide appetite, strong adaptability, rapid growth and reproduction, and high yields, and they are cultivated throughout China.
First, the biological characteristics of snails. The snails are also known as the big snails and apple snails. They are classified as mollusks, gastropods, midgastropods, snails, and snails.
1, morphological characteristics. The entire body of the snail is composed of five parts: head, foot, visceral capsule, mantle and shell. The head is cylindrical, with a pair of front and rear tentacles. The eye point is at the base of the posterior tentacles and the mouth is on the ventral side of the kiss. The head of the head is a lumpy foot, which is wide and thick, and can crawl on the walls of the pool and on the stems and leaves of the plants. The shells are short and round, large and thin, and the shells are right-handed. There are 4-5 spiral layers. The body spirals inflates, the helix is ​​extremely small, and the shell surface is smooth, mostly yellow-brown or dark brown. The umbilicus is large and deep, and the bracts are brown keratinocytes with a concentric growth pattern. The nucleus is biased to the side of the screw axis. The mantle is thin and transparent, enveloping the entire visceral sac. There is a film-like lung sac above the back of the coat cavity. It can directly breathe oxygen from the air and has the function of assisting breathing. After inflating the lung sac, the screw can float on the surface of the water, and when it encounters interference, the discharged gas will rapidly sink. The male genital hole is open at the top of the transfer device, and the female genital hole is open in the coat cavity.
2, living habits. Fushouluo hi live in fresh water with fresh water and abundant feed. Many clusters inhabit in the shallow water area near the pool, or adsorb on the stems and leaves of aquatic plants, or float on the water surface, and can leave the water body for a short time. The optimum growth water temperature is 25-32°C, and the growth rate is significantly lower than 35°C. The maximum critical water temperature for survival is 45°C and the minimum critical water temperature is 5°C. It is a omnivorous snail that mainly consists of plant-based foods. It mainly eats duckweed, vegetables, fruits, etc. It especially likes to eat sweet foods. Under the conditions of artificial rearing, we prefer to eat corn, bran and other concentrate feeds. The young snails are mainly spirulina, humus, and concentrate feeds. In the hungry state, snails can also eat young snails and eggs.
3, reproductive habits. Fuzhou snails are dioecious, in vivo fertilized and in vitro developed oviparous animals. Under good conditions, 3-4 months of age can reach sexual maturity. Each year from March to November is the breeding season of A. canaliculata, of which the period from May to August is the peak of reproduction and the suitable water temperature is 18-30°C. Mating is usually carried out in the water during the day and lasts for 3-5 hours. One fertilization can spawn multiple times, spawning begins 3-5 days after mating, and night females climb to a pool of 15-40 cm from the surface of the pool. , spawning of stems and leaves of aquatic plants. Oval, pink, egg diameter of about 2 mm. Eggs stick to each other in blocks, spawning one piece at a time, 200-1000 grains, and egg production lasts for 20-80 minutes. After spawning, the female snails are recovered from their stomachs and feet and fall into the water. After a gap of 3-5 days, they spawn for the second time. They can spawn 20-40 times a year, spawning 3-5 million eggs, and fertilized eggs are It takes 10-15 days for hatching in the air, and it develops into a snail and breaks out of the membrane and falls into the water.
Second, artificial propagation technology
1, male and female identification: the appearance of male and female snails is not very different, juvenile snail stage is difficult to identify, into the snail most obvious difference is: the same feeding conditions, the same age screw females are generally larger than the male body; female snail centrilobular recess, The male snipe's mid-convex dome is slightly concave.
2. The selection and cultivation of the snails and snails: Intimate and snails should choose individuals older than 4 months old, with large individuals and intact shells, with a ratio of 2-4:1. The conch cultivation pond (also known as the spawning pond) can be earthen pond, cement pond, ditches, etc. The area should not be too large. The rectangle is better, the depth is 30-50 centimeters, wooden sticks and bamboo pieces are inserted around the pool and in the center. Female snails adhere to spawning, and there should be anti-escape facilities around the earthen pond. It is more appropriate to have a relative density of 30/m2. Feeding a sufficient amount of green fodder each day should also be manually fed with concentrated feed. The daily feed of concentrate should be 0.5% of the total weight of the screw. During the cultivation, it ensures fresh water and quiet environment.
3. Oviposition and hatching: From March to November each year, male and female snails are mated and spawned. Eggs produced under the eggs are collected in time and hatched in other pools. Oviposition time should not be too early, too early egg mass is too soft, not easy to peel off, it should not be too late, too late egg block has completely dried up, easy to break eggs when peeling. Ten to twenty hours after spawning, collection is ideal when the egg mass has not completely hardened. The collected egg pieces are placed on a mesh or bamboo screen, and a layer of gauze is placed on top to be incubated above the indoor water basin. It can also be set up 30-50 cm above the nursery pond hatching, pay attention to the shade and shelter from the rain. At 28-30°C, 7-10 days of incubation, when the red egg becomes lighter, the young snail breaks out of the membrane and falls into the water. After 2 days, the top of the young screw turns from red to black. Start eating.
A. fulica is native to the Amazon River basin in South America and was introduced to China in 1981. The meat is delicate and delicious, rich in protein, carotene, vitamins and minerals. It is a delicacy on the table. Because of its low fat content, it is a high-quality tonic for patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease. In addition, it is also a feed for some precious aquatic animals. The snails have large individuals, wide appetite, strong adaptability, rapid growth and reproduction, and high yields, and they are cultivated throughout China.
First, the biological characteristics of snails. The snails are also known as the big snails and apple snails. They are classified as mollusks, gastropods, midgastropods, snails, and snails.
1, morphological characteristics. The entire body of the snail is composed of five parts: head, foot, visceral capsule, mantle and shell. The head is cylindrical, with a pair of front and rear tentacles. The eye point is at the base of the posterior tentacles and the mouth is on the ventral side of the kiss. The head of the head is a lumpy foot, which is wide and thick, and can crawl on the walls of the pool and on the stems and leaves of the plants. The shells are short and round, large and thin, and the shells are right-handed. There are 4-5 spiral layers. The body spirals inflates, the helix is ​​extremely small, and the shell surface is smooth, mostly yellow-brown or dark brown. The umbilicus is large and deep, and the bracts are brown keratinocytes with a concentric growth pattern. The nucleus is biased to the side of the screw axis. The mantle is thin and transparent, enveloping the entire visceral sac. There is a film-like lung sac above the back of the coat cavity. It can directly breathe oxygen from the air and has the function of assisting breathing. After inflating the lung sac, the screw can float on the surface of the water, and when it encounters interference, the discharged gas will rapidly sink. The male genital hole is open at the top of the transfer device, and the female genital hole is open in the coat cavity.
2, living habits. Fushouluo hi live in fresh water with fresh water and abundant feed. Many clusters inhabit in the shallow water area near the pool, or adsorb on the stems and leaves of aquatic plants, or float on the water surface, and can leave the water body for a short time. The optimum growth water temperature is 25-32°C, and the growth rate is significantly lower than 35°C. The maximum critical water temperature for survival is 45°C and the minimum critical water temperature is 5°C. It is a omnivorous snail that mainly consists of plant-based foods. It mainly eats duckweed, vegetables, fruits, etc. It especially likes to eat sweet foods. Under the conditions of artificial rearing, we prefer to eat corn, bran and other concentrate feeds. The young snails are mainly spirulina, humus, and concentrate feeds. In the hungry state, snails can also eat young snails and eggs.
3, reproductive habits. Fuzhou snails are dioecious, in vivo fertilized and in vitro developed oviparous animals. Under good conditions, 3-4 months of age can reach sexual maturity. Each year from March to November is the breeding season of A. canaliculata, of which the period from May to August is the peak of reproduction and the suitable water temperature is 18-30°C. Mating is usually carried out in the water during the day and lasts for 3-5 hours. One fertilization can spawn multiple times, spawning begins 3-5 days after mating, and night females climb to a pool of 15-40 cm from the surface of the pool. , spawning of stems and leaves of aquatic plants. Oval, pink, egg diameter of about 2 mm. Eggs stick to each other in blocks, spawning one piece at a time, 200-1000 grains, and egg production lasts for 20-80 minutes. After spawning, the female snails are recovered from their stomachs and feet and fall into the water. After a gap of 3-5 days, they spawn for the second time. They can spawn 20-40 times a year, spawning 3-5 million eggs, and fertilized eggs are It takes 10-15 days for hatching in the air, and it develops into a snail and breaks out of the membrane and falls into the water.
Second, artificial propagation technology
1, male and female identification: the appearance of male and female snails is not very different, juvenile snail stage is difficult to identify, into the snail most obvious difference is: the same feeding conditions, the same age screw females are generally larger than the male body; female snail centrilobular recess, The male snipe's mid-convex dome is slightly concave.
2. The selection and cultivation of the snails and snails: Intimate and snails should choose individuals older than 4 months old, with large individuals and intact shells, with a ratio of 2-4:1. The conch cultivation pond (also known as the spawning pond) can be earthen pond, cement pond, ditches, etc. The area should not be too large. The rectangle is better, the depth is 30-50 centimeters, wooden sticks and bamboo pieces are inserted around the pool and in the center. Female snails adhere to spawning, and there should be anti-escape facilities around the earthen pond. It is more appropriate to have a relative density of 30/m2. Feeding a sufficient amount of green fodder each day should also be manually fed with concentrated feed. The daily feed of concentrate should be 0.5% of the total weight of the screw. During the cultivation, it ensures fresh water and quiet environment.
3. Oviposition and hatching: From March to November each year, male and female snails are mated and spawned. Eggs produced under the eggs are collected in time and hatched in other pools. Oviposition time should not be too early, too early egg mass is too soft, not easy to peel off, it should not be too late, too late egg block has completely dried up, easy to break eggs when peeling. Ten to twenty hours after spawning, collection is ideal when the egg mass has not completely hardened. The collected egg pieces are placed on a mesh or bamboo screen, and a layer of gauze is placed on top to be incubated above the indoor water basin. It can also be set up 30-50 cm above the nursery pond hatching, pay attention to the shade and shelter from the rain. At 28-30°C, 7-10 days of incubation, when the red egg becomes lighter, the young snail breaks out of the membrane and falls into the water. After 2 days, the top of the young screw turns from red to black. Start eating.
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