There are many kinds of wheat pests and diseases in our province, including underground pests, powdery mildew, wheat spiders, midgeworms, wheat bran, and weeds. With the increase of yield, the pests, diseases and diseases of wheat have been increasing year by year. The task of prevention and treatment has become more and more serious, the number of medications has increased, the amount of medication has increased, and the burden on farmers has become too heavy. In the past two years, based on summarizing the past experience of “three in one†application of pesticides, our province has carried out trials and demonstrations on the application of compounding and controlling pesticides for wheat pests and weeds in the Guanzhong region.
First, the demonstration effect of mixed application
Application at the ear stage, the control effect on wheat head blight was about 60%, powdery mildew was more than 90%, and panicle blast was about 90%; mixed application of pesticides could reduce the use of drugs 1-2 times compared with the control of diseases and diseases of the past. The cost per acre to save about 5 yuan; mixed application of pesticides to reduce the number of applications and the amount of pesticides, especially the blind use of drugs, chaos medication to overcome the phenomenon. The use of pesticides in advance protects and utilizes natural enemies and reduces pesticide residues in wheat. The combination of pesticides and fertilizers, combined treatment of diseases and pests, enhances the main function of strip rust and head blight control, and insists on “proactive attackâ€. Prevent disease and increase production.
According to information from 2005, spraying of dimethoate, triadimefon, and monobasic potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat field in Shaanxi and Xia 167, where wheat smuts and stripe rusts are relatively severe, in Xingping County has a 90% control effect on locusts. The control effect of stripe rust was 94%, the grain weight increased by 9.95 grams compared with the control, and the loss of 101.65 kg per mu was recovered; the spraying of Liquan County was 265,000 mu, and the control effect of mixed spraying on the wheat bran was 95. More than %, the control effect on stripe rust is 94.5%, and the demonstration field for compounded application of wheat has good yellowing, full grain, and increased grain weight, and each mu produces more than 20 kg. The demonstration and control of Baoji County was 8.94 million mu and the average yield per mu was 96.3 kg. The total output of wheat was 365,200 kg. In the Weiyang District, a demonstration of 1,000 mu, the average control efficiency of strip rust, powdery mildew, and wheat ear was 85.02%, 82.0%, and 86.7%. Demonstration fields have a long-range prospect of golden color due to the control of pests and diseases, while control fields are heavier due to wheat and stripe rust, and the field is black and gray, reducing production by more than 50%. In the two years from 2004 to 2006, the province had cumulatively demonstrated and controlled 5 million mu, recovering a total of 300 million kilograms of wheat. Each mu has 2 provinces than insecticides, bactericides, and growth regulators. The province has a total of 10 million laborers.
Second, the main technology of mixed application
1, seed dressing mixed dressing. Sowing mainly control underground pests, and cure wheat spiders, seedlings, powdery mildew and full-blown disease. In the mixed area of ​​pests and diseases, the insecticides (phoxim) and fungicides (triadimefon and carbendazim) were mixed and seeded. It can reduce the damage of pests during sowing and seedling period, and achieve the purpose of comprehensive prevention and control of medication.
2. Prevention and control of pests and diseases in jointing stage. The jointing period of spring wheat is the time when pests and weeds are concentrated. The main control objects are weeds (SVW, leeks) and powdery mildew, and fungicides such as triadimefon, thiophanate-methyl and herbicides can be used for prevention and control.
3, prevention and control of disease at the ear stage. Pest control at the ear stage is the main measure to promote grain filling and increase grain weight. At the ear stage, it mainly controls wheat aphid, powdery mildew, rust, scab, and midge. In Liquan County, 20 grams of active ingredients of dimethoate and 7.5 grams of triadimefon are effective ingredients, and 77-100% of wheat flour has anti-microbial effect. The average control effect of rust is 85.17%, and the average control effect of powdery mildew is 84.7%.
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