Citrus resin disease, also known as black spot disease, is one of the most significant threats to citrus crops today. This disease can easily affect trees that have been damaged by cold weather or physical injuries, making it difficult for the tree to maintain its health and vigor. The disease manifests differently depending on the part of the tree it infects: when it attacks the branches, it is referred to as "resin disease," while infection of the leaves is called "Panpibo." When it affects the fruit surface, it is commonly known as "black spot." The disease typically begins to show symptoms during the fruit's growth stage, significantly impacting the fruit's appearance, overall quality, and yield. The best time to control this disease is before spring buds begin to sprout, during the flowering stage (after two-thirds of the flowers have fallen), and in the early stages of young fruit development.
To manage resinous disease effectively, affected areas should be scraped down to the xylem layer, and the exposed bark should be burned off. Afterward, a suitable fungicide should be applied. It is recommended to spray the trees three times between June and August, depending on the rainfall during each interval. A general guideline is to apply the treatment once when the total rainfall reaches 200–300 mm. Effective fungicides include 80% Dasheng M-45 diluted 600 times (effective against both rust and black spot) or 70% mancozeb at a 500-fold dilution. Regular monitoring and timely application are crucial for successful disease management.
In addition to chemical treatments, maintaining good orchard hygiene, proper irrigation, and balanced fertilization can help improve the tree’s resistance to the disease. Early detection and prompt action are essential to prevent widespread damage and ensure healthy, high-quality fruit production.
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