Determining the right time to change diesel engine oil is crucial for maintaining engine performance and longevity. Changing the oil too late can lead to increased mechanical wear, while changing it too early results in unnecessary waste. Although manufacturers usually provide guidelines on oil change intervals, these should be adjusted based on the actual condition of the engine, operating environment, and oil quality. For example, if the locomotive is in poor technical condition or the oil quality has significantly declined, it's advisable to change the oil earlier than recommended.
One way to assess oil condition is by comparing new and used engine oil on a white filter paper. If the used oil shows more black spots, it suggests that the oil hasn't degraded significantly and doesn't need to be changed. However, if the oil appears dark brown, it’s a sign of deterioration and should be replaced immediately.
Another method involves using two small glass test tubes—each 0.5 cm in diameter and 20 cm in length. Fill each tube with 19 cm of new and used engine oil, respectively, then seal them and invert both at the same time. Observe the time it takes for bubbles to rise. If the difference in bubble rising time exceeds 20%, it indicates that the viscosity of the used oil has dropped significantly, and the oil should be changed as soon as possible.
These tests help ensure that oil changes are performed when necessary, rather than strictly following a fixed schedule. Regular monitoring of oil condition not only saves costs but also helps maintain optimal engine performance and extend its lifespan. Always consider both the manufacturer’s recommendations and real-time conditions when deciding on an oil change.
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