Pear scab is a widespread and damaging disease that affects pear trees, causing significant economic losses, especially in regions where pears are a major export crop. In recent years, the disease has shown signs of becoming more severe, prompting experts to call for immediate preventive measures. The disease not only affects fruit quality but also weakens the tree, reducing overall yield and long-term productivity.
The symptoms of pear scab typically begin with yellow-brown, oblong lesions forming at the base of the fruit, particularly on the treetops and petioles. As the infection progresses, a black mold layer develops and spreads upward. Infected shoots and petioles become covered in mold, eventually leading to their death. During summer, lesions on the shoots cause slight ridges to form, resembling small beans, and these areas are also covered with mold. Over time, the mold layer saggs, cracks, and falls off the following year, leaving behind a noticeable scar.
When leaves are infected, dark, round or irregular spots appear along the veins on the underside of the leaf. Initially, they appear as pale yellow spots with dark centers, surrounded by a star-shaped pattern. Black mold develops on these lesions, and if left unchecked, the spots can spread across the entire leaf surface. Affected leaves turn reddish-brown and eventually fall off, weakening the tree's ability to photosynthesize.
On the fruit, pear scab begins as small, pale yellow circular lesions, which later develop a dark green mold layer. The affected area becomes hard, swollen, and eventually cracks as the fruit grows. In severe cases, young fruits may become deformed and drop prematurely, significantly reducing harvest quality and quantity.
Pear scab typically appears in early May or June, though in drier regions, it may occur later. Certain varieties, such as Yali, Ci, Qiubai, Baozhu, and Haidong pears, are particularly vulnerable and tend to show symptoms earlier. To manage this disease, farmers are advised to use a 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture for spraying. Additionally, applying gypsum diluted 4000–6000 times in late June and late August can help prevent further outbreaks. Early detection and consistent treatment are key to controlling the spread of this destructive disease.
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