China's large-scale artificial shrimp breeding began in the early 1980s, but large-scale cultivation in the South China Sea started only in 1985. In 1993, a nationwide shrimp disease outbreak severely impacted the industry, as viral diseases remained difficult to control. This led to significant financial losses for many farmers, hindering the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector. Moreover, when farmers overused drugs after disease outbreaks, it not only increased production costs but also polluted ponds and surrounding marine environments. Residual drugs in shrimp reduced product quality, affecting exports and foreign exchange earnings. With China's accession to the WTO, addressing these challenges became more urgent and critical.
To tackle these issues, a company introduced a new model of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency shrimp farming, promoting healthier and more sustainable aquaculture. With support from local authorities and experts, they studied successful aquaculture models from other regions. The research was conducted in Bailing Village, Dongli Town, Leizhou City, where the South Zhazi Aquarium implemented a circulating water ecological intensive shrimp culture system with promising results. This innovative approach is now shared for reference.
The aquaculture system features a circular test pool covering 1.71 acres, with a depth of 3 meters and an average water depth of 2.4 meters. The maximum water volume is 2,717 cubic meters, while the general volume is 2,400 cubic meters. Additional facilities include deep-water aerators, sewage tanks, sedimentation tanks, aquatic biotrenches, filtration tanks, and bacterial pools. On April 13, 2001, 212,000 white shrimp seedlings (0.9–1.3 cm in size) were introduced into the system.
This model is designed to be water-efficient, eco-friendly, and disease-resistant. The water circulates through the system without adding seawater, minimizing waste and pollution. The process includes: shrimp pond → sewage pond → sedimentation pond → aquatic biotrench → filter pond → bacterial pool → shrimp pond. This closed-loop system prevents external pathogens from entering and creates a safe environment for shrimp.
Instead of relying on chemical drugs, the model uses beneficial bacteria to maintain water quality and prevent disease. A bacterial breeding trough at the bottom of the bacterial pool allows for precise control of bacterial levels based on factors like shrimp density, growth stage, and water conditions. Beneficial bacteria break down waste, produce dissolved oxygen, and serve as nutrition for young shrimp, resulting in faster growth and higher quality output.
Additionally, aquatic plants such as seaweed are used to absorb harmful substances like nitrites from the water, further improving water quality and supporting the health of the shrimp population.
After 98 days of cultivation, the trial concluded on July 21. Random sampling showed that the shrimp had uniform growth, a greyish-white color, and no signs of disease or abnormalities. The average length was 11.87 cm, with an average weight of 18.52 grams per shrimp, equivalent to about 54 shrimp per kilogram. A total of 2,719.1 kg of Penaeus vannamei was harvested, yielding over 1,500 kg per mu. This exceeded traditional high-density pond yields by more than double.
The cost per mu was approximately 30,000 yuan, including infrastructure. Beneficial bacteria added another 1,500 yuan per mu, but the yield reached over 1,500 kg. Even with lower shrimp prices, the revenue per mu exceeded 48,000 yuan, leaving a profit of over 15,000 yuan after expenses. With proper equipment, the system could support 2–3 harvests annually, potentially doubling the annual profit to over 45,000 yuan per mu. This model offers twice the economic return compared to conventional high-density systems.
Overall, this innovative shrimp farming model has achieved a win-win outcome for productivity and quality, setting a new standard for the future of aquaculture.
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Zhoushan City Shuangying Aquatic Products Co., Ltd.  , https://www.shuangying-aquatic.com