Winter orchard and tea garden management is crucial for maintaining long-term productivity and plant health. After a year of growing specialty crops, the soil becomes depleted of nutrients, and plants enter dormancy during winter. It's essential to replenish these nutrients promptly to restore tree vitality and prepare for the next growing season.
First, focus on fertilizing citrus orchards. Apply Yangfei (a type of organic fertilizer) as early as possible after harvest. Use organic fertilizers supplemented with quick-release ones, and apply them in trenches. The trench should be 30 cm deep and 50 cm wide. For each mu (approximately 667 square meters), apply 2,000–3,000 kg of straw or 2.5 kg of dry cake per plant, along with 3–4 kg of chicken manure per plant. Additionally, add 1.5–2 kg of No.1 loam fertilizer per plant. For tea gardens, stop applying fertilizer once harvesting ends. Apply 300 kg of cake fertilizer per mu, combined with 80–100 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate or 300 kg of specialized tea fertilizer.
Second, pay close attention to pruning in citrus orchards and tea gardens. Tea gardens should undergo light pruning and ventilation adjustments. Low-altitude tea areas should complete pruning by mid-November, while high-altitude areas should finish before the end of October. Delaying pruning can lead to frost damage, affecting the next year’s yield. After fruit harvest, prune citrus trees by removing dry, diseased, overlapping, and weak branches. This improves air circulation, light penetration, reduces disease risk, and helps form flower buds.
Third, ensure thorough disinfection in winter gardens. Clearing the garden is one of the most effective ways to reduce pest populations for the following year. Proper winter disinfection leads to fewer pests, lower pesticide use, and improved crop quality. In citrus orchards, use 0.8–1 degree of Lithosulfide Mixture, 150-fold Lv Ying, or 60 times engine oil emulsion. For tea gardens, apply 150–200 times diluted crystal lime sulfur or 0.5 degree lime sulfur solution. A comprehensive cleaning and disinfection process is necessary.
Finally, carry out deep plowing in the orchards and tea gardens. Deep turning improves soil aeration and water drainage, loosens the soil, and helps eliminate overwintering pests. The ideal depth for plowing is about 20–25 cm, and more than 90% of the area should be treated to ensure optimal results. This practice supports healthy root development and prepares the land for the next planting cycle.
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