First, nursery
1. Variety selection: select high quality, cold-tolerant, low-light and disease-resistant varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation, such as Xiuguang, Jiafen 15, Zhongza 9,
L402 and so on.
2. Take a shade shed: In summer, shade shelters are used to raise seedlings.
3. Preparation of seedbed nutrient soil and seedbed production: 6 fertile soils in the sieving field + 4 manures were mixed. 1.5 kg of diammonium, 15 kg of ash, 0.5 kg of carbendazim were added to each cubic meter of mixed soil. Fertilizer and medicine are evenly mixed. Seeding area needs 5 square meters per acre seedlings, will be made with a good nutrition soil made of 120 cm wide, 600 cm long, 10 cm high and high sorghum spare.
4 soaking germination: soaked in cold water for 12 hours, soaking seeds after germination before soaking with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, wash with water, and then germination.
5. Seeding: sowing the seeds of good buds sowing in the seedbed that has already been poured in advance, no more than 10 grams per square meter of seed, sowing time in autumn and winter cultivation on August 5, mid-November in winter and spring cultivation sowing.
6. Split seedlings: Two cotyledons are flattened and transferred to a nutrient bowl. The soil formula used for the nutrition formula is: 7 pieces of sifting live soil + 3 parts of rotten circle fertilizer, 1.5 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of plant ash, and 0.5 kg of 50% carbendazim per cubic meter are fully mixed in the loam.
7. Seedling management: In the seedling bed should see dry see wet, lack of water should be promptly added, with the virus A + spray profit each 500 times mixed spray, to prevent viral disease.
Second, planting
1. Soil fertilization: Generally, 500-800 kilograms of quality manure or decomposed chicken manure per acre, 100 kilograms of superphosphate, and 100 kilograms of ash are used as base fertilizer.
2. Planting time: 25 days after sowing, 5 leaves of seedlings are suitable for colonization. The cultivation of autumn and winter stalks will be around September 15 and the winter and spring sorghum will be cultivated around January 30.
3. Density of planting: The planting pattern was color and size, with a size of 80 cm for big lines, 50 cm for small lines, 30 cm spacing between plants, and a density of 3,500 plants per mu.
Third, the management after planting
1. The temperature adjustment: In the daily average temperature of 4-16 °C buckle film. After the shed is generally controlled at 25-27°C during the day and 15-13°C during the night. Afterwards, as the temperature decreases, 22-25°C is mastered during the day and 12-10°C during the night. The plants are prevented from growing in size, and they are covered in grass in early October. Insulation and cold protection.
2. Water and fertilizer management: Generally no drought or watering, when the fruit of the first inflorescence grows to the size of the egg, it can be topdressed and watered for the first time. Normally, 500 kg of manure and urine per acre with water will be added, plus another 10 Kilograms of urea. The second and third ear fruit fertilization method is the same. Look at the seedlings in November to see the sky, no longer watering in December.
3. Pollination: Tomato flower pollination can be used to replace beryllium or 2.4-D and other hormone treatment flowers.
4. Pruning: using single stem pruning method, leaving 3-4 ear fruit, leaving 3-4 fruit per ear.
IV. Pest Control
Adhere to biological, physical prevention and control, supplemented by pharmaceutical control, integrated prevention and control of chemical prevention and control principles.
1. Ecological control: Focus on adjusting the temperature inside the shed to create a greenhouse condition suitable for tomato growth and not suitable for the development of pests and diseases.
2. Physical control: Silver-grey reflective film is used to drive maggots, yellow plates are used to attract maggots and whitefly, shade nets and insect nets are stamped to prevent the entry of pests.
3. Biological control: When the average tomato has 0.5-1 whitefly, release 2800 larvae per mu, once every 7-10 days, total 2 times.
4. Diseases and insect pests and drug control: The main diseases and insect pests that tomatoes are prone to occur are early and late blight, gray mold, aphids and white wood disease. To achieve the effect of pollution-free tomato production, preventive measures should be based on agricultural cultivation, physical control, scientific use of chemical pesticides supplemented methods.
1 Early and late blight: When 45% of the chlorothalonil smoke agent is used in the central diseased plants, 5-6 parts per mu are placed in the center, and once in 7 days, they can be smoked 2 or 3 times to prevent both diseases. When the epidemic was severe in the evening, 72% Kelu WP 500 times or 72% Preclosure 800 times sprayed. Attention should be paid to alternation of medication. After a short period of time, the temperature and the temperature of the boring shed will have a good antibacterial effect.
2Gray gray mold: In addition to the prevention of flowering, it should be applied before the pouring of fruit water or at the early stage of disease. It can be used 20% Wuyimycin (BO-10) water solution 100 times liquid or 50% nongrill wettable powder. 100 times liquid spray, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2-3 times.
3 Aphid and whitefly: The insect net can be used to control aphids and whitefly. At the vents, cover with nylon mesh yarn, painted with yellow lacquer and oil, hung on the top of the plant between the rows, 30-40 pieces per mu, apply oil and yellow lacquer once a day for 7-10 days, the control effect is up to 80- 90%.
Drug control: Spray with 10% imidacloprid WP 1500 times.
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