The use of plastic films to cover vegetables in greenhouses, the three human factors such as fertilizer damage, phytotoxicity, and convulsions impede the reduction of yields and production of vegetables. This is a common occurrence, and everyone should learn lessons and respond in a timely manner.
One is fat damage. In a certain range, the yield of vegetables increases with the increase of the amount of fertilizer, but excessive fertilization will cause the yield of vegetables not to decrease. Excessive fertilizer input will increase the concentration of soil solution. As a result, vegetables will lag due to reverse osmosis, cause roots to shrink, and shrink or even die. For example, when the concentration of soil solution in cucumber is too large, the stem base will easily dehydrate and shrink; Compacting occurs, affecting ventilation performance, and inhibiting the supply of fertilizer; three will release toxic gases in the process of fertilizer decomposition, and endanger the vegetables in the greenhouse, such as peppers, tomatoes are very sensitive to ammonia, if the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer, ammonia in the greenhouse If the concentration of gas exceeds the standard, the whole plant will rot quickly and the leaves of the cucumber will be scorched. Fourth, the antagonistic effect will be generated between the soil nutrient elements.
The second is phytotoxicity. Some vegetables have obvious phytotoxicity, symptoms are obvious, some vegetables produce hidden phytotoxicity, and the symptoms lurk or extend to squat vegetables. The reasons for the occurrence of drug injury: First, the selected pesticide species is not the right way or misuse of herbicides; Second, the application of excessive concentrations; Third, the use of poor quality pesticides; Fourth, there is no avoid high temperature time medication. After the occurrence of phytotoxicity, some vegetable leaves soon become chlorotic, some produce focal spots, perforation, some fallen leaves, fallen flowers, fallen fruits, or malformations, and the most severe whole plants wither.
The third is the obstacles. In the same greenhouse, the same crop or even the same kind of vegetable is planted year after year or season, and the yield and quality are declining year by year. Causes of obstacles: First, the same or similar vegetables prefer a certain kind of nutrient elements, such elements are not timely prone to deficiency syndrome; second, the accumulation of soil pathogens cause diseases caused by dead seedlings, such as wilt disease, verticillium wilt, etc. Third, the same vegetable root exudates can easily lead to the imbalance of soil microbial community structure and cause soil aging.
For the above three situations, vegetable farmers should take effective response measures in time.
First of all, we must balance the fertilization and promote the steady growth of vegetables. The first is to use full-fledged farmhouse fertilizers as base fertilizers throughout the year; the other is to use biological organic fertilizers or bio-organic compound fertilizers to regulate nutrient supply; third is to apply nitrogen fertilizers to reduce nitrogen, stabilize phosphorus, increase potassium, and apply trace elements. The fourth is to top-dressing in appropriate amounts. After the occurrence of fertilizer damage, the concentration of fertilizer solution should be promptly irrigated, and 1000 times of active liquid fertilizer such as Huimanfeng, Zhuangfuxing or Gaomeishi should be sprayed to alleviate the fertilizer damage.
Second, science should be used to ensure the safety of vegetables. The occurrence of minor injury can be used to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water to restore the normal growth of vegetables; to select the appropriate pesticides, especially herbicides should be cautiously applied; to shut down the dose, concentration of pesticides, it is best to avoid repeated use of a pesticide Do not mix pesticides at random; apply pesticides to avoid high temperatures during noon; the herbicide-applied devices must be washed before reuse.
Third, we must change crops and adjust the cultivation environment for vegetables. Eggplants, tomatoes, and melons are susceptible to severe crop damage. Vegetables must be replaced in different seasons or seasons to grow other vegetables; organic fertilizers should be added to improve the soil in greenhouses that are prone to turbulent disturbances; use soil retting agents, such as green enjoyment No. 1 Such as inhibition of pathogens; in response to lack of nutrients, timely replenish the lack of nutrients, such as calcium, zinc, magnesium, boron and so on.
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Apple are native to central and southeastern europe, central and western asia, and xinjiang in china.later, the romans began cultivation and grafting.in the 18th century, j.b. Montessori and t.a. Used natural hybridization to select and breed seedlings and gradually promoted cultivation.
Apples are native to central and southeastern Europe, Central and western Asia, and Xinjiang in China.In Europe, m. P.Cato recorded varieties of apple in 300 BC.Later, the Romans began cultivation and grafting.In the 18th century, J.B. Montessori and T.A. used natural hybridization to select and breed seedlings and gradually promoted cultivation.After the discovery of the New World, European immigrants brought apples to America, where many new varieties were bred.Japan introduced apples from Europe and America during the Meiji Restoration.Since then, Oceania, Africa have also been introduced into the apple.Over the past hundred years, the world's five continents have apple cultivation.The earliest Europeans had eaten, improved and bred apples, some of which were seen more than 2,000 years ago, and hundreds of varieties were known in Europe before the colonization of the Americas.With the wave of immigrants to North America, seedling apple varieties spread everywhere, becoming itinerant ambassadors for local legends who played a major role in the spread of the apple
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