The livestock bone processing equipment has less investment and simple technology, which is suitable for production by township enterprises. The use of abundant livestock and animal resources in the countryside to engage in processing of livestock bones has resulted in a wide range of finished products and has been very popular in domestic and foreign markets. Now introduce some processing methods.
First, the bone oil: bone oil is the production of stearic acid, soap, soap, glycerin and other industrial raw materials. Livestock contains about 10% oil and fat, the extraction method is different, the oil rate is also different. 1 boiled method: Wash the fresh bones of the animal, chop 2 cm in size into the pot and cook, the pot water temperature is maintained at about 70 °C ~ 80 °C, heating 3 to 4 hours, will float on the surface The oil simmer to cool, remove the water, that is, bone oil. In order to avoid bone glue dissolution, the heating time can not be too long, it is best to put broken bone into the basket, put it in boiling water for 3 to 4 hours, and then remove the bone and basket, this method can only raise about 50% of the oil content in the bone. 2. Steam method: Put the washed and crushed livestock bones in a sealed tank, and pass in steam so that the temperature reaches 105°C to 110°C. After heating for 30 to 60 minutes, most of the oil and bone glue dissolve into the steam condensate water. The oil and water are taken out of the sealed tank, and then steam is introduced to dissolve the remaining oil and glue. Repeatedly for several times (about 10 hours), most of the oil and glue are soluble. Finally, all the oil and glue are collected, and the mixture is heated and allowed to separate. 3. Extraction method: The dried bone pieces are placed in a sealed jar, and a solvent such as light gasoline is added, and the oil is heated to dissolve the oil completely in the solvent, and then the solvent is volatilized and then returned to the broken bone. This cycle extraction, so that the oil separation.
Second, the bone meal: bone powder is extracted from the bone glue after the waste crush processing products. Used as fertilizer, can make crops resistant to lodging, used as feed, can increase calcium phosphate, promote livestock and poultry growth and development. Bone meal is also the main raw material of calcium hydrogen phosphate. Bone meal can be divided into crude bone meal, steamed bone meal, protein bone meal, and the like. 1. Crude bone meal: The animal bone is pressed into small pieces, placed in a pot and boiled for about 5 hours to remove the fat contained in the bone, and then dried to drain the water. After drying, it is placed in a drying room or dried. In the furnace, it is dried at a temperature of 100° C. to 140° C. for 10 to 12 hours, and finally crushed. The dried small bone is ground into a powder with a crusher and is a finished product. 2. Steamed bone powder: The residue after extraction of bone oil by steam extraction is used as raw material. Place the bone in a sealed tank, pass steam, and heat at a temperature of 105°C to 110°C. The oil is drained once every hour to remove most of the fat from the bone, and a part of the protein is decomposed to become a glue, which can be used as a raw material for making glue. The bone slag after fat and grease removal will be steamed and steamed into bone powder by dry pulverization. This bone meal protein content is less than the crude bone meal, but the color is white, easy to digest, and there is no special smell. 3. Protein bone powder: The animal bone is degreased at high temperature and crushed. With crude protein from 24% to 27%, calcium and phosphorus content is also high. Replace fishmeal in compound feed, the cost is less than one-third of fishmeal.
Third, the bone-making charcoal: After the use of bone glue, peptone residue, hardened bones of burdock horses treated with lime milk as raw materials, in the reverberatory furnace, by mechanical retorting and burning activated carbon method, heating dry distillation, when When the outside of the furnace is dark red, it is charred, and after the ceasefire, it is cooled and crushed into bone charcoal. After passing inspection, it can be packaged. Bone char can be used as a variety of liquid detergents, decolorizers and adsorbents.
Fourth, the system of phosphate fertilizer: 1. Degreasing: Put the animal bone in a sealed tank, pass into the steam, heating 105 °C ~ 110 °C boiled degreasing, oil once every hour, remove the grease in the bone, while part of the protein Decompose and become glue, for making glue. The boiled bones and fats were removed by cooking and washed with water for 2 to 3 times to remove the attached grease and debris. Finally, the residual fat is dissolved with gasoline, dried and crushed. 2. Acid leaching: The steamed bone meal is placed in an acid-resistant cylinder and impregnated with dilute hydrochloric acid. The acid concentration varies from season to season, from 6% to 7% in winter and from 4.5% to 5.3% in summer. Fresh acid is used first. Soaked bones, soaked in fresh bone. Acid leaching usually takes 10 to 15 days until the acid concentration reaches 16 to 20 Baume. 3. Decoloration: After the acid leaching, the bone glue solution is filtered and the impurity is removed. 0.5% of the activated carbon is added to the filtrate for decolorization, followed by filtration, and the activated carbon is recovered. 4. Neutralization: The decolored liquid is heated to 40°C-60°C. Under stirring, the lime slurry passed through a 100-mesh sieve is slowly added to neutralize to a pH of 5, and the crude calcium hydrogen phosphate is obtained by filtration and separation.
First, the bone oil: bone oil is the production of stearic acid, soap, soap, glycerin and other industrial raw materials. Livestock contains about 10% oil and fat, the extraction method is different, the oil rate is also different. 1 boiled method: Wash the fresh bones of the animal, chop 2 cm in size into the pot and cook, the pot water temperature is maintained at about 70 °C ~ 80 °C, heating 3 to 4 hours, will float on the surface The oil simmer to cool, remove the water, that is, bone oil. In order to avoid bone glue dissolution, the heating time can not be too long, it is best to put broken bone into the basket, put it in boiling water for 3 to 4 hours, and then remove the bone and basket, this method can only raise about 50% of the oil content in the bone. 2. Steam method: Put the washed and crushed livestock bones in a sealed tank, and pass in steam so that the temperature reaches 105°C to 110°C. After heating for 30 to 60 minutes, most of the oil and bone glue dissolve into the steam condensate water. The oil and water are taken out of the sealed tank, and then steam is introduced to dissolve the remaining oil and glue. Repeatedly for several times (about 10 hours), most of the oil and glue are soluble. Finally, all the oil and glue are collected, and the mixture is heated and allowed to separate. 3. Extraction method: The dried bone pieces are placed in a sealed jar, and a solvent such as light gasoline is added, and the oil is heated to dissolve the oil completely in the solvent, and then the solvent is volatilized and then returned to the broken bone. This cycle extraction, so that the oil separation.
Second, the bone meal: bone powder is extracted from the bone glue after the waste crush processing products. Used as fertilizer, can make crops resistant to lodging, used as feed, can increase calcium phosphate, promote livestock and poultry growth and development. Bone meal is also the main raw material of calcium hydrogen phosphate. Bone meal can be divided into crude bone meal, steamed bone meal, protein bone meal, and the like. 1. Crude bone meal: The animal bone is pressed into small pieces, placed in a pot and boiled for about 5 hours to remove the fat contained in the bone, and then dried to drain the water. After drying, it is placed in a drying room or dried. In the furnace, it is dried at a temperature of 100° C. to 140° C. for 10 to 12 hours, and finally crushed. The dried small bone is ground into a powder with a crusher and is a finished product. 2. Steamed bone powder: The residue after extraction of bone oil by steam extraction is used as raw material. Place the bone in a sealed tank, pass steam, and heat at a temperature of 105°C to 110°C. The oil is drained once every hour to remove most of the fat from the bone, and a part of the protein is decomposed to become a glue, which can be used as a raw material for making glue. The bone slag after fat and grease removal will be steamed and steamed into bone powder by dry pulverization. This bone meal protein content is less than the crude bone meal, but the color is white, easy to digest, and there is no special smell. 3. Protein bone powder: The animal bone is degreased at high temperature and crushed. With crude protein from 24% to 27%, calcium and phosphorus content is also high. Replace fishmeal in compound feed, the cost is less than one-third of fishmeal.
Third, the bone-making charcoal: After the use of bone glue, peptone residue, hardened bones of burdock horses treated with lime milk as raw materials, in the reverberatory furnace, by mechanical retorting and burning activated carbon method, heating dry distillation, when When the outside of the furnace is dark red, it is charred, and after the ceasefire, it is cooled and crushed into bone charcoal. After passing inspection, it can be packaged. Bone char can be used as a variety of liquid detergents, decolorizers and adsorbents.
Fourth, the system of phosphate fertilizer: 1. Degreasing: Put the animal bone in a sealed tank, pass into the steam, heating 105 °C ~ 110 °C boiled degreasing, oil once every hour, remove the grease in the bone, while part of the protein Decompose and become glue, for making glue. The boiled bones and fats were removed by cooking and washed with water for 2 to 3 times to remove the attached grease and debris. Finally, the residual fat is dissolved with gasoline, dried and crushed. 2. Acid leaching: The steamed bone meal is placed in an acid-resistant cylinder and impregnated with dilute hydrochloric acid. The acid concentration varies from season to season, from 6% to 7% in winter and from 4.5% to 5.3% in summer. Fresh acid is used first. Soaked bones, soaked in fresh bone. Acid leaching usually takes 10 to 15 days until the acid concentration reaches 16 to 20 Baume. 3. Decoloration: After the acid leaching, the bone glue solution is filtered and the impurity is removed. 0.5% of the activated carbon is added to the filtrate for decolorization, followed by filtration, and the activated carbon is recovered. 4. Neutralization: The decolored liquid is heated to 40°C-60°C. Under stirring, the lime slurry passed through a 100-mesh sieve is slowly added to neutralize to a pH of 5, and the crude calcium hydrogen phosphate is obtained by filtration and separation.
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