Ensuring a sufficient and high-quality feed supply is essential for the rapid and high-yield cultivation of Astragalus. As Astragalus membranaceus is primarily an omnivorous species that thrives on animal-based feeds, its food sources are diverse and easily accessible. This makes it possible for breeders to utilize available resources to grow and collect live feed efficiently.
First, breeders can start by cultivating live feed using materials like cow dung and household waste. Alfalfa varieties such as Daping No. 2, Beixing No. 2, and Ezi Aisheng are ideal choices. It's recommended to use old barrels or containers with small holes covered in gauze for ventilation and drainage. Alternatively, you can dig shallow pits in well-drained areas or build brick pools for breeding.
Second, fly maggots can be raised by setting up fly breeding cages. You can purchase high-quality housefly larvae from a local farm or even produce sterile ones. To create a suitable environment, mix 0.5 kg of soybean pulp with 40-50 kg of water, add 2.5 kg of fresh pig blood and 10 kg of water, then stir well. After about a week, aphids will begin to appear and serve as a nutritious feed source.
Third, snails can be raised by hanging bamboo cages around the ponds. Use nets with 4-6 mesh sizes and place a few snails inside each cage. Submerge the cages up to two-thirds into the water to encourage the growth of young snails. Some snails may escape and feed directly on the Astragalus. Additionally, snails can be collected from drains, rice fields, or by gathering shells, scraps, and chopped vegetation.
Fourth, implement a light-trapping system by placing two black lights above each pond. The upper light should be positioned higher to attract moths from a distance, while the lower one should be about 20 cm above the water surface. When it gets dark, turn on the upper light first. Once moths gather around it, switch to the lower light and turn off the upper one. The moths will then descend toward the lower light, and due to the reflection of the light in the water, many more will be attracted. Repeat this process during summer and autumn to collect approximately 30% of the feed as a natural protein source.
Lastly, leeches can be cultivated by digging a shallow pool with a drain outlet. Place a layer of humus at the bottom and keep the water depth between 5-6 cm. Regularly apply fermented organic fertilizer to promote leech reproduction and ensure a steady supply of this valuable feed.
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