Lotus is mainly harvested lotus seeds, roots are not well developed, resistant to deep water, mature late, many knots, in order to make lotus seeds high yield and quality, cultivation should pay attention to the following points: First, pay attention to varieties, choose the best Lotus often mutates due to the influence of environmental conditions, thus making the species worse, and should be selected every year in addition to bad. The selection criteria are as follows: starting from the 2nd to 3rd leaves, flowering, and thereafter, 1 leaf and 1 flower; the number of seeds of the first flower will be 18 to 20 or more, and the leaf peduncles will be shorter and the internodes shorter. Thick, flat drum-shaped, thin section. The whip that grows in the future will have short internodes, many sections per unit area, more flowers, larger lotus seeds, more seeds, fuller white grain, high yield, and good quality. Common fine varieties include Hunan's "Xianglian", Jiangsu's "Qinglian", Fujian's "Jianlian", Zhejiang Lishui's "Zhouzhou Bailian", "Longyou Bailian" and Jiangxi's "Safflower" and "White Flower". Wait. Second, arrange lotus field, apply enough base fertilizer Lintian should be selected for lee, sunny, drainage and irrigation, deep plowing, loose soil, and fertile soil. After Putian was selected, he applied organic fertilizer. In the winter, plowing and cultivating soil shall be performed. After the beginning of spring, plowing shall be carried out once. Then the field shall be filled with water, soaking the soil, and then fertilizing with water. Third, select species, suitable for close planting, the first 1. The selected species were dug out before planting, and they were selected to be stout, buds prosperous, thin-knotted, smooth-skinned and fully matured. In addition to each species of plant lice in addition to each other with 1 to 2 children. 2. Seasonal dense planting of the southern provinces is generally from March to April, around the middle of May in the north, when the 10cm soil temperature reaches 10°C or more, the temperature is 12°C, planting is too early, the ground temperature is low, and the seed pods are easy to rot. The buds are long and easy to break. For early maturing, germination can be performed first and then planted. The specific operation is: 20 days before frost break, the species will be placed inside the room, padding up and down the straw, sprinkle water 1 to 2 times a day, the temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 °C, after the frost buds grow 10cm when planting. In order to promote the early flowering results of the lotus, planting should be dense. The planting density is 2.0m2.0m. After the planting is completed, it should be timely watered and kept warm. If it is found that the species is floating or missing, it should be planted as soon as possible. 3. When planting lotus root in a timely manner, it can be harvested continuously for 3 years. In the first year, the growth and development was not very strong, and the yield was low. Only 30-40 kg of seeds were harvested per 667 m2; in the second year, the growth was strong and the yield was the highest. The yield was 50-100 kg per 667 m2; the growth rate declined in the third year. Only 40 to 50 kg per 667 square meters. Therefore, three years later, old plants must be excavated and planted again to achieve a good harvest. Fourth, strengthen management 1. To master the water level after planting, in order to increase the soil temperature and promote germination, the water depth should be maintained at 3 to 6 cm, the floating leaves should be maintained at 6 cm, 2 to 3 vertical leaves at 10 cm, and vigorous growth period at 12 to 15 cm. After the termination of the leaf appearance, it enters the sorghum period, ie, 1 month before harvesting, keeping 3 to 7 cm, and the temperature is close to 25 to 28°C. During the growth period, the lotus must not be cut off, but we must also pay attention to flood prevention and avoid submerging the leaves. 2. The key to topdressing the fertilizer is to make early, diligent and steady 3 points. (1) Early refers to early application of Miao Fei. In the early stage of lotus seedling growth, 1 month after planting, when growing 1-2 leaves, apply 5 kg of urea or 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per 667 square meters, 7 kg of superphosphate, mix 10 kg of fine soil, row Dry water was applied to the soil from 10 to 13 cm on both sides of the leaf roll. (2) Diligence refers to the beginning of the cultivation of Miao Fei, fertilizer once every half month. When most plants start to flower, they have the largest amount of growth, which is the critical period for fertilization. After the dew is dry, it can spread 10 to 15 kg of urea or 30 to 45 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per 667 square meters under the dew, and the superphosphate 10~. 15kg, potassium chloride 5 ~ 10kg, promote flower buds. In July, 10 to 15 days before and after the lotus seeds were harvested, and then appropriate fertilizers were added 1 to 2 times according to the state of plant growth. If the plant has premature aging, it can apply urea 5 ~ 10kg or ammonium bicarbonate 15 ~ 20kg, superphosphate 5 ~ 10kg, potassium chloride 7 ~ 10kg, enhance plant growth, so that the grain is more substantial. (3) Stable refers to the control of top dressing in order to avoid excessive vegetative growth. In particular, from late May to June, if the lotus leaves are overly dense, the color is dark green and hypertrophy, and when there are few buds, the top dressing should be stopped, or organic fertilizer such as livestock manure should be used instead of quick-release fertilizer to make it grow steadily. 3. When cleaning the old stalks and leaves, when the lotus whip grows 5 to 6 leaves, the nutrients in the pods have been depleted, become black and rot, and produce toxic substances, which are not conducive to the growth of new whips and can be taken out and broken. Turn the soil of the old mandarin dumplings deeper, exchange new soil, apply dry leaf fertilizer, and transfer it to the Xinlian whip. The lotus grows vigorously, the leaves and leaves bring flowers, and the field is easy to close. Therefore, the brown leaves or floating leaves that have become dark brown and the excessively dense tiller leaflets should be picked up in the mud at any time; after the lotus seeds start to be harvested, they will receive one each. Lotus can be removed from the old leaves next to it, in order to enhance ventilation and light, and effectively increase production. However, in order to facilitate underground seedlings, when the temperature drops to 25°C in the autumn, the middle leaves of Putian grow slowly and do not remove old leaves. Fifth, classification, timely harvest The lotus usually matures from July to October and must be harvested at appropriate times. The lotus seeds harvested in July are called "Meili", and harvested in August-September are called "Fu Lian". In late September-October harvest, it is called "Qiu Lian." Mei Lian and Fu Lian, 30 to 40 days after flowering mature, Qiulian 40 to 45 days or more. When the plum is mature, the lotus is blue-brown and dries. The ovary cells are slightly black at the edge, and they are full of fissures and shakes. The lotus shell is grayish or gray-brown and hard. Volumin is often exposed to the sun and the lotus is apt to darken; when it has become dark, some lotus seeds can be harvested when they can be shaken in the lotus lattice. In the mature process of autumn lotus, the temperature is lower, and the lotus is not easy to be dark, so long as it is grayish brown, it can be harvested. The high-quality lotus seeds are large, plump, white in color, and have a high dry rate and are suitable for processing. The harvest is too early and the lotus seeds are tender and unpleasant; late in the day, the lotus seeds are not only easy to fall off naturally, but also the peels are hard and are not easily peeled and processed. Therefore, the quality of products can only be guaranteed if they are timely harvested according to the different maturity characteristics of the three types of lotus. Lotus seeds are generally harvested once every 2 to 5 days after maturity. When harvesting, the roads are opened every 2 to 3 m, and each time harvesting is carried out along the same route, with a hand-held or hooked bamboo lotus under the lotus; Knock out the lotus seeds, dry, sieve the impurities, and store them.