Autumn is the fruit development and full ripe harvest period of apple trees, and it is also a critical period for nutrient accumulation and flower bud differentiation of apple trees. Strengthening management during this period can increase the output of the current year, increase the ability of the tree to withstand cold in winter, reduce pests and diseases, and lay a foundation for the harvest of fruit trees in the coming year. Specifically, you should master the following technical points:
First, spray fertilizer leaves into the autumn, the apple tree should be fertilized. In general, it is necessary to topically apply a quick-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to late-maturing varieties, applying 1.5 to 2 kilograms per tree, and spraying 0.3% to 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every 10 days from now on, continuously spraying 3 times. Promote new shoot ripening, promote fruit coloring and increase content. After the late-maturing varieties of fruits were harvested, they were sprayed with 0.5% to 1% urea or 0.3% to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days, and sprayed three times to prevent premature leaf shedding.
Second, prevention and control of pests and diseases in time to do a good job of apple pest control, found that timely removal of rotten fruit and buried.
Third, the early application of basal fertilizer is generally applied in the late September to the soil before freezing, the sooner the better. Using ring groove or deep digging method, 200 kg of farmyard manure is applied to each tree, and 1 to 1.5 kg of fast-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are added. When fertilizing, stagger the position of fertilization last year, and combine irrigation.
Fourth, pruning branches apple tree autumn pruning should be light, highlight five key points:
1. Take the branch softened from the current upright new shoot to make it horizontal.
2. Dirty branches, erect branches, overlapping branches, competing branches, etc., to improve light conditions.
3. Trim the “live hat†at the junction of the two-year-old growth and placement at the junction of a two-year-old to promote the formation of flower buds in the branches of the two-year-old tree.
4. Flatten the auxiliary branches.
5. All the branches of all vegetative shoots were cut off the young part of the shoot to reduce nutrient consumption.
5. Deep-dip irrigation should be performed when the new shoots of fruit trees stop growing. The depth should be 20 cm to 40 cm. Before the beginning of winter, the winter water should be poured.
6. Scrape the old skin tree after entering dormancy period to scrape off chapped skin. You can scrape overwintering pests such as leaf roller moth larvae and red spider mites hidden in chapped skin. The scraped belt was burned out of the park.
VII. Main trunk whitening The prepared whitening agent is evenly applied on the main trunk of an apple tree. The height of whitening is applied to the branches of the main trunk, which can effectively prevent and treat diseases and insect pests.
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