Phauda flammans Walker (also known as Phauda flammans Walker) is also known as Lepidoptera and Spotted Moth. It is distributed in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces. Hazardous damage to mosaic rubber trees, eucalyptus trees, gas ridges, green pods, alpine ridges, Indian rubber pythons, beautiful lopsided cypresses, Bodhi pods, and other garden plants. The newly hatched larvae grazing the epidermis of the leaves, with the increase of worms' age, eat the leaves as holes or nicks; in severe cases, the leaves of the plants are all eaten, leaving only branches.
â— Morphology and habits Adult body length 13-13.5 mm, wingspan 31-34 mm. Head, flaming red; antennae black, terminal white; abdomen black, slightly red hair, red scales on both sides of the end of the male moth, hairy end of the male moth; hairy red, wings have a round black spots on the outer edge The hind wings are translucent, the base has red edges, and the edges of the wings are black. Oval oval-shaped, 1.4-1. 6 mm long, tile-like, arranged in squama-shaped, transparent glial covering the surface, initially pale yellow, dark yellow before hatching. The newly hatched larvae are beige and gradually turn brown afterwards. The mature larvae are 17 to 19 mm in length, auburn brown on the back and light yellow on both sides. There are four white hairy trichomes in each somite, and each hair is protruding. 1 brown hair; valve on the line and baseline white, valve light yellow screen, valve yellow-brown; the body can secrete a mucus and make the body thick. The stump is 11-12 mm long, spindle-shaped, and the back of the abdomen is dark brown. The rest are all pale yellow, and the wing buds reach the fifth abdominal segment, and the abdomen lacks thorns.
The worm occurred in Guangzhou for 2 generations a year. The larvae of the mature larvae lived in winter, and the larvae began to plague in early March. The middle and late March were the peak period. The first generation of adults began to emerge in early April, and the upper and middle months of April were plentiful. During the period, larvae appear harmful from late April to late June. The second-generation adults emerged from late June to mid-July. The larvae were endangered from mid-July to mid-October. In late September, they began to enter the overwintering process. Adults mostly emerged during the day from 8:00 to 12:00, mate for 3-4 days after emergence, lay eggs on the next day, prefer to spawn on the branches of the crown at the top of the canopy, and egg masses are produced at the tips of the leaves.
Each egg mass ranges from 7 to 42 eggs and the egg period is 13 to 14 days. The hatching rate of eggs averages over 98%. After hatching, the larvae crawl or feed on the ground, feeding and feeding. The larvae last for more than 40 days. Afterwards, the mature larvae go down the tree trunk and weed in the gaps between weeds, crevices or roots near the base of the trunk. Parasitic enemies include Apanteles sp. and Gotra octocinctus (Ashmead).
â— Control methods
1. In combination with the winter management of garden trees, the loose soil will be destroyed.
2. Protect natural enemies. When the larvae are at risk of low tide, spraying should not be used, so that the natural communities of parasitic wasps are prosperous, so as to inhibit the occurrence of vermilion moth.
3. When the larvae are seriously harmed, 40% omethoate can be used 1 500-2 000 times, 40% dimethoate 1 000-1 500 times, and 80% dichlorvos 2000 times. In addition, it is also possible to mix 1 000 times of acaricidal bacteria with 1000 times of trichlorfon, or 80% of dichlorvos, and alternately use them to kill larvae.
The white silkworm moth (Ocinara Varians Walker) is a Lepidoptera, silkworm moth family. Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan and other places. In southern China, the main garden plants that harm the leafhoppers, yellow-leaved oysters, alpine alfalfa, bodhi pods, jackfruit, etc., harm eucalyptus and figs in Taiwan. The larvae feed on the leaves and tender leaves of host plants. Insect pests often occur and seriously affect the growth and ornamental value of trees.
â— Morphology and habits Adult appearance is similar to that of the silkworm moth, but its body shape is small, its body length is 8-9.5 mm, and its wingspan is 22-26 mm. The body is gray to gray-brown in color, and the body color of the male is deeper than that of the female. The front wing has a sepia brown color, a dark brown spot in the middle and top corners, a slight inset below the top corner, and dark spots in the middle of the outer edge. There is a light-colored lateral band in the middle of the rear wing, and a gray-brown point in the tandem line at the trailing edge. The abdomen is small, and the abdomen rises when it is inhabited. The eggs are flat and oval, initially orange-yellow and yellow-brown before hatching. The mature larvae have a body length of 6 to 11 mm and have a dark body color. There are two distinct black round spots on both sides of the dorsal vertical line. The dragonfly is 7 mm long, yellow-winged buds and white belly. White. According to observations in the Pingxiang region of Guangxi, the worms have occurred for 7 generations a year, and they have been wintering on their hosts. Embryated as adult in late April and spawned in early May. First-generation larvae occur in the upper and middle months of May; second-generation larvae occur from late May to early June; third-generation larvae occur from early July to mid-to-late July; and fourth-generation larvae occur in August. From the middle to the middle and late August, the fifth generation larvae occur from late August to the middle of September; the sixth generation larvae occur in the early October of the second half of September; the seventh generation larvae occur from the beginning of November to December. Mid-term. In late December, it will be wintering. In late September to December in Guangzhou, the damage is more serious. The eggs can be spawned shortly after the adult copulation. The eggs are usually spawned on the back of the host leaves, branches or trunks, arranged in a single line, and 5-6 grains are arranged in a linear arrangement. The number of eggs laid by each female is from 10 to 100 grains. . The newly hatched larvae have the habit of eating eggs. After tens of minutes of hatching, they begin to feed on the leaves and bite the leaves into small holes. The 2-3rd instar larvae feed on the leaves, leaving the leaves with mesh veins. 4-5 Instar larvae nibble inward from the edge of the leaf, causing nicks and even the entire leaf to be eaten. Mature larvae lay on the backs of leaves, branching branches, or cracks in the bark.
â— Control methods
1. When a small area occurs, eggs or quails produced on the back of the leaf, shoots, and cracks in the bark are timely collected and destroyed.
2. The larvae were eradicated with pyrethroid pesticides, or 80% of dichlorvos EC 800-1 000 times, 90% trichlorfon 800 times, and 50% phoxim 2000 tons. All had good results.
3. Spray 10 times with 10 times the amount of Bacillus sp.
4. The natural death of gray silkworm moth is often found in Guangzhou, which is caused by a nucleopolyhedrovirus infecting the worm. The dead worms can be collected and ground to a solution of 1.11X109/ml, which infects 3-4 instar larvae. After 6 days, the mortality rate of larvae reaches 80.9%. This shows that the virus has a strong insecticidal capacity, conditions can be further research and utilization.
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