Scientific name: Chloranthus spicatus
Common Name: Chalan
Family: Orchidaceae (Orchids)
Distribution:
Native to southern China, this plant is also naturally found in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. It is commonly seen in provinces south of the Yangtze River, with the highest concentration in the southwest region.
Characteristics:
The base of the old plant becomes slightly woody, while the stem is upright and somewhat branched. The stem has distinct nodes and is segmented. Leaves are opposite, elliptical, with blunt serrated edges, smooth on the surface, and slightly wrinkled. The inflorescence is terminal, with yellow flowers that emit a strong fragrance. Flowering occurs from August to October.
Chrysanthemum belongs to the class Dicotyledonae, and includes herbs, shrubs, or small trees. Leaves are typically opposite, with a simple leaf gap structure. The midrib often contains two vascular bundles, and the petiole base is frequently fused with small stipules. Flowers are small, usually bisexual, and lack perianth.
Habitat:
This plant thrives in warm, humid, and well-ventilated environments. It prefers partial shade and should be protected from direct sunlight. It requires loose, fertile, humus-rich, and well-drained soil for optimal growth.
Uses:
With its golden-yellow flowers and green foliage, Chrysanthemum resembles orchids and is widely used as an ornamental plant. It can be grown in pots, along stone walls, or under trees. The flowers can be smoked or used to extract essential oils, and the entire plant has medicinal value.
In China, there are about 70 genera, including 5 genera and 17 species. Chrysanthemum plants have significant medicinal properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, blood-stasis reducing, detoxifying, swelling-relieving, phlegm-dissolving, and cold-relieving effects. Some species, like Grass Coral, contain compounds like fumaric acid, succinic acid, essential oils, tannins, coumarone, flavonoid glycosides, and nitrile glycosides. These contribute to heat-clearing, detoxification, promoting circulation, and pain relief. Recently, it has also been studied for potential cancer treatment applications.
Certain rhizome species are used for extracting aromatic oils, and some are cultivated for ornamental purposes. The fragrant flowers are popular for making Zhulan tea. Chrysanthemum is easy to grow and propagate through runners. It can be planted in the fall, and rooted stem cuttings can also be used. After flowering, pruning and applying liquid fertilizer will help maintain its appearance and encourage better growth the following year.
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