After the mango harvest in July and August, proper post-harvest management of mango trees is essential for ensuring a healthy yield in the following year. This critical period directly affects the tree’s growth and fruit production, so it must be carefully managed.
Key practices during this time include pruning, fertilization, and pest control. These steps help the trees recover from the harvest, promote strong new growth, and prepare for the next flowering season. Proper care during this phase ensures that the trees are ready to produce high-quality fruits the following year.
Fertilization is an important part of post-harvest care. The general rule is to apply more fertilizer to vigorous trees, focusing on nitrogen, while reducing nitrogen use for less productive or overgrown trees. After harvesting, the main focus should be on developing strong autumn shoots. Fertilizer application should be around 40% of the annual amount, with fast-acting nutrients. Early-maturing varieties should be fertilized by the end of July, while mid-to-late varieties should be fertilized by the end of August. When applying fertilizer, avoid damaging the roots as much as possible.
Pruning is another crucial step. Immediately after harvest, remove weak, crowded, diseased, or dead branches. This helps improve air circulation and light penetration, which promotes healthier growth. Trees with many leaves should be lightly pruned, while those with few fruits or no fruits should be thinned or trimmed based on their canopy density. Weak trees should only have dead or damaged branches removed, and overall care should be intensified to encourage new growth. Good drainage is also important in the orchard to prevent waterlogging and root diseases.
Pest and disease control is equally vital. Common pests and diseases include anthracnose, sooty mold, gummosis, red spider mites, leafhoppers, aphids, white moths, beetles, wax scale, and mealybugs. To prevent diseases, use a 700–800 times diluted solution of new high-fat membrane, carbendazim, or thiophanate-methyl, sprayed 1–2 times on new shoots. For caterpillars and other pests like cutworms, use Trichlorfon at 800 times dilution when new shoots reach about 3 cm. Spray every 7–10 days during the shoot development stage. For leafhoppers, aphids, white moths, and other insects, a mixture of imidacloprid (1500 times) and Trichlorfon (800 times) can be used. Sooty mold can be controlled by managing the population of leafhoppers and aphids effectively.
By implementing these practices, mango growers can ensure their trees remain healthy, productive, and ready for the next growing season.
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