Carrots do not have a physiological dormancy period. They are germinated and convoked in the storage condition when they are stored. At this time, the water and nutrients in the thin-walled tissue of the roots are transferred to the growth point, causing jealousy. The germination and sputum not only make the carrot fleshy root lose weight, the sugar is reduced, and the tissue becomes soft, the flavor is faint, and the eating quality is lowered. So preventing germination and jealousy is the primary problem of storing good carrots.
Harvest processing
It has been reported that carrots with a single fertilizer have a 31% susceptibility to storage, while the susceptibility to compound fertilizers is only 11%.
Timely harvesting is important for the storage of carrots. The harvest is too early, because the soil temperature and temperature are still high, which is not conducive to storage; in addition, the accumulation of carrot sugar is not good, and the cortex is not long and firm, which is not conducive to storage. If the harvest is too late, the straight root growth period is too long, and it is easy to worry about during storage. In addition, the late harvest may also cause it to be frozen in the field, and the frozen frozen carrots often cause a lot of decay.
When entering the storage, the carrots with pests and diseases and mechanical damage should be removed. The injured carrots tend to become black and mildew in the storage. When the storage is done, the stem plate should be removed to prevent germination, but this treatment will cause large wounds, susceptible to pathogenic bacteria and evaporation of water, and increase nutrient consumption due to stimulation of breathing, but it is easy to worry; only twisting and not cutting the stem, It is easy to sprout, and it will promote heart. Therefore, it is advisable to use only the method of scraping off the growth point without cutting, or only going to the squat when squatting, and then cutting the top when the temperature rises after the storage.
Whether the carrot is topped or cut when it is stored depends on the size of the stem, the climatic conditions, and the storage method. For example, using a damp soil burial method, the stem must be removed to prevent germination; the remaining carrots cannot be topped or sown.
The diseases that occur during storage of carrots are brought in from the field, and are also caused by injuries or freezing damage in the storage cortex. The main storage diseases of carrots are white rot (ie sclerotinia) and brown spot. It can be seen that the prevention and control of disease in the field and the avoidance of mechanical damage and freezing are important measures to prevent storage diseases. It has been reported in the literature that increasing the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the air to 7% can inhibit the spread of carrot white rot. According to the literature, an effective way to prevent carrot diseases is to spread white ash powder, which accounts for 1% to 5% of its total.
Storage method
(1) The ditch and ditch method is simple and economical to operate, and can meet the requirements of storage conditions for straight roots, so it is still the most important storage method at present. The ditch used for the ditch is generally 1.0m to 1.5m wide. If it is too wide, the influence of the temperature is increased, the heat preservation effect of the soil is reduced, and it is difficult to maintain a stable low temperature in the ditch. The depth of the ditch should be slightly deeper than the frozen layer in the local winter.
(2) Storage and storage in hoarding and ventilation warehouses Carrot storage is also a common method in all parts of the north, with large storage capacity and convenient management. Carrots are piled up or piled up in the raft or in the warehouse, and the pile height is 0.8m~1.0m. The heap should not be too high, otherwise it will rot due to high temperature inside the heap. In order to improve the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, a ventilation tower can be set every 1.5m~2.0m. The use of wet sand and carrots in the raft or in the warehouse is better than the bulk pile. This is because the former is more moisturizing than the latter and tends to accumulate high concentrations of carbon dioxide. The ventilation store is stored, and the humidity is often low, so humidification measures should be taken.
(3) Film closed storage In recent years, some areas have used a semi-closed film to store carrots. First, the carrots are piled into a rectangular pile of 0.1m to 1.2m in width, 1.2m to 1.5m in height and 4m to 5m in length in the storage. For semi-closed storage. Appropriately reduce the volume fraction of oxygen, increase the volume fraction of carbon dioxide, maintain a certain humidity, and store it until June and July of the next year. The carrot skin is bright and the texture is crisp and the preservation effect is good. During storage, ventilation and ventilation may be periodically expedited, and if necessary, inspection and selection shall be performed to remove susceptible individuals.
(4) The specific method of storing and storing carrots in modified atmosphere storage is similar to the practice of storing other vegetables in a controlled atmosphere. Before storing the carrots, they should be spread for 1 day, then put into the basket, coded into sputum, sealed with a polyethylene bag, and stored under natural gas. Practice has proved that the storage of carrots under the environmental conditions of 0 ° C ~ 3 ° C, oxygen volume fraction of 2% ~ 5%, carbon dioxide volume fraction of 5% or less until the end of April next year can basically maintain a fresh state. Some dishes use a bottomless plastic account, and the account is surrounded by a ditch in the surrounding soil to seal it. The volume fraction of oxygen in the account is 6% to 7%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is 5% or less. Both the water content is very good.
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