Eggplant needs to absorb many nutrients during its growth and development. The physiological disease caused by the lack of certain nutrients in eggplant is known as deficiency or deficiency. The vegetable farmer should pay attention to prevention and remediation when planting eggplant.
In the case of nitrogen deficiency in eggplants, nitrogen deficiency causes lighter leaf color, yellowing of old leaves, severe dryness, and flower buds that stop growing and turn yellow, and the heart leaves become smaller.
Prevention and remedial measures: When preparing soil, apply basal fertilizer, especially high-quality farmyard fertilizer; avoid egg filling during the growth of eggplant; find nitrogen deficiency, apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer such as urea and ammonium bicarbonate or human waste, or use 0 3% ~ 0.5% urea solution foliar spray.
Phosphate-deficient eggplants lack phosphorus, the stems are slender, the fibers are well developed, the flower buds differentiate and the result period is delayed, the leaves become smaller, the color becomes darker, and the veins become redder. Prevention and remedial measures: Before planting, adequate calcium superphosphate or diammonium phosphate was used as the base fertilizer; Phosphorus deficiency was found during the growth period, which was sprayed with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 0.5% superphosphate calcium leachate.
When the potassium deficiency of eggplant is deficient in potassium, the initial heart is smaller, the growth is slower, and the leaf color is lighter; in the later period, the veins are chlorosis and yellow-white patches appear, and the leaf margins of the leaves gradually dry up.
Prevention and remedial measures: The main application is potassium and organic fertilizers. Generally, 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride can be used per acre, and ditching can be applied on both sides of the plant. Also, 0.2% to 0.3% phosphoric acid can be used. Dihydrogen potassium solution or 10% ash leaching liquid foliar spray.
When the eggplant lacks calcium, the plant growth is slow, the growth point is malformed, the young leaf margin is chlorotic, and the reticular veins of the leaves turn brown and show rust-like leaves.
Prevention and remedial measures: Watering and fertilizing on time; finding calcium deficiency, applying calcium fertilizer in time, or spraying with 20% calcium chloride solution, spraying once every 5 days, and spraying 2 or 3 times.
Magnesium-deficient barrier eggplants lack magnesium, near the veins, especially near the main vein yellowing, leaves chlorosis, small fruit, poor development. Magnesium deficiency in eggplant is more common in production.
Preventive and remedial measures: Increase the use of magnesium-containing fertilizers, such as magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, magnesium oxide, etc. These fertilizers are soluble in water and are easily absorbed and utilized; they can also be used during the growth period of eggplant or when magnesium deficiency is found in plants. 1% ~ 3% magnesium sulfate or 1% magnesium nitrate solution foliar spray.
Iron deficiency iron deficiency in the eggplant, young leaves and new leaves were yellow-white, veins left green. Iron deficiency often occurs in conditions where the soil is acidic, fertile and humid.
Preventive and remedial measures: When the eggplant is growing or when iron deficiency is found in the plant, spray with 0.5% to 1% ferrous sulfate solution.
Boron deficiency, eggplant boron deficiency, from the top leaves began to yellow, wither, the top stem and petiole break, the internal black, stems with cork crack.
Remedial measures: Boron deficiency was discovered and sprayed on a 0. 05% to 0.2% borax solution in a timely manner.
Manganese deficiency, lack of manganese eggplant, the new veins are yellow-green, soon turn brown, veins are still green.
Preventive and remedial measures: After anaesthesia of the eggplant or when plants are found to be deficient in manganese, they are sprayed with 1% manganese sulfate solution.
Zinc deficiency, eggplant, zinc deficiency, the leaves are clustered, the new leaf occurs on the macula, and gradually developed to the leaf margin, resulting in whole leaf yellowing.
Prevention and remedial measures: When the eggplant is growing or when zinc deficiency is found, it is sprayed with 0.1% zinc sulfate solution.
In the absence of molybdenum-impaired eggplant, mottled eggplant lacks molybdenum, and from the beginning of fruit enlargement, yellow spots occur between the veins and the leaf margin curls to the inside.
Preventive and remedial measures: When the eggplant is growing or when molybdenum is found, it is sprayed with 0.1% to 0.1% ammonium molybdate solution.
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