Control fertilizer and water to prevent watermelon melon

At present, watermelon in Dongtai Single-membrane Shelf is about to enter flowering pollination stage. Chen Baokuan, Director of Dongtai Vegetable Research Institute, interviewed reporters in a telephone interview and combined production with a summary of the reasons for watermelon melons, providing technical guidance for watermelon production.

According to reports, watermelon melon mainly related to several factors.

The first is that the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are not coordinated. Due to unreasonable arbitrage, the relationship between “promoting” and “control” is inconsistent and the vigorous growth of nutrients cannot be normally transferred to reproductive growth, affecting fruit setting.

The second is unreasonable input of fertilizer. Excessive application of fertilizers, especially those where the amount of chemical fertilizers is applied excessively, causes the plants to grow in length, resulting in reduced resistance and resulting in melons.

The third is poor pollination. Protected cultivation is influenced by low temperature and short sunshine, which results in some watermelons firstly opening female flowers and less male flowers; stigma is too wet to stick powder, which results in poor pollination and poor fruit development, all of which easily lead to melons.

The fourth is improper use of hormones. Some melon farmers in the spraying of fruit hormones and other hormones when the concentration is too large, resulting in more than a misshapen melon, although some melons can expand, but the late cracking more serious.

Production can start from the following aspects, reduce the melon.

- It is fertilizer management. Formula fertilization, no partial nitrogen fertilizer, organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers added, 1000-2000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu base treatment, can add 150-200 kg of cooked cottonseed cake or rapeseed cake, turned to the bottom; upper fertilizer is superphosphate Calcium 30-40 kg, 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50 kg (do not use potassium chloride). After pollination by the second female flower, when the young melon begins to enlarge, 15-20 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu. In the case of persistent dry weather during the expansion of young larvae, we must pay attention to proper watering or drip irrigation under the membrane hose to resist drought. After the first batch of melons were harvested, 15 kg of urea was used as a relay fertilizer under the plastic film of the lower limbs to promote the growth of the second and third batches of melons.

The second is the timely renewal. Extend vines in time to vine, vines, increase light transmittance. At present, the varieties of Jingxin No. 2 and Zaojia (8424), which are mainly grown on the production, use the “one main and two pairs” three-vine pruning to control vegetative growth. To prevent the apical dominance from being too strong, the top of the main vine can be gently pinched by hand, causing it to be affected by water, reducing the transfer of fertilizer water to the top, and concentrating nutrient supply to the young melons.

The third is to hang vines. The watermelon is generally left as the commodity melon of the second female flower of the main vine. If the nutrition grows too profusely, the rootstock can be used to control the length, and the root melon is removed when the vegetative growth of the vine is normal.

The fourth is to pay attention to ventilation and pollination. In the vegetative growth stage of watermelon, the daily temperature was maintained at 26-28°C, and the fruiting period was 30-32°C. The minimum temperature of fruit development and maturation period was 20°C and the highest was not more than 35°C. When the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 35°C, the vitality of the pollen is affected. The ventilation of the skirt film should be opened in time to reduce the temperature of the greenhouse, and wind pollination can be used. Artificial pollination should be carried out between 8 and 10:30 in the morning and at a temperature of 25-30°C. Pollination should be uniform and marked at the same time to avoid leakage.

Fifth, do a good job in pest control. In the early stages of fruiting melon, if blight occurs, use 40% flusilazole cream 20 ml, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 400 g, and water 160 kg to irrigate root in 250 ml per plant. During rainy days, the melon watermelon was fumigated with 45% chlorothalonil or 15% procymidone 250 g/mu for the control of sclerotia and gray mold; 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (800) Double liquid) plus 70 ~ 4 thiophanate-methyl WP (800 times liquid) spray, prevention and control of disease, anthrax. Aphids and whiteflies were found and sprayed with 70% imidacloprid wettable powder (5000x liquid) plus 0.5% ivermectin EC (1000x liquid).

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