With the advent of spring, temperatures have gradually warmed up and rural farmers have gradually entered the season of brooding chickens. Due to the small size of the chicks, the ability to regulate body temperature is weak, and the resistance to disease is not strong. In addition, the weather in the spring is variable, such as the farmer's slight neglect of chick management, which can easily cause the chicks to become infected or freeze and lead to a large number of deaths. Therefore, in order to ensure that chicks have a high survival rate and fast growth during the spring brooding, the farmers must grasp the ten points of feeding and management of spring broiler chickens.
Prepare for brooding
Before brooding, farmers should prepare brooding rooms, feed troughs, drinking fountains, heating equipment and lighting equipment, chick materials, and commonly used drugs, and thoroughly wash the troughs, drinking fountains, etc. with clean water beforehand. Wash with hot alkaline water, dry after washing with water, dry, rinse the brooding room with clean water, and then dry the mat grass after laying, put into various utensils used after brooding, according to each cubic meter of space with formalin 28 ml, Potassium permanganate 14 grams, add water, 14 ml fumigation, strict disinfection of doors and windows sealed 12 hours to 24 hours, then open the doors and windows for ventilation. In the 12 hours before the chicken enters the room to debug a variety of equipment, and room temperature preheated to above 30 °C to buy chicks into the room.
Buy healthy chicks
The healthy chicks are lively and active, their legs are strong, their feathers are clean and shiny, they move freely, their eyes are divine, and their umbilical cords are well-healed. The weak chicks are generally characterized by feathers and turbidity, lack of energy, and often have closed eyes and snoring. The umbilical is not well-healed, and there is often a feeling of impotence around the abdomen and anus. When farmers purchase chicks, they should carefully select healthy chicks for feeding.
Provide timely enough water for chicks
Eggs hatch at high temperatures. Chicks can lose 8% of water 24 hours after hatching, and 15% can lose water within 48 hours. When the water loss is greater than 15%, the chicks will soon have dehydration symptoms. Therefore, chicks should provide adequate and clean drinking water after 12 hours of shelling. It is best to add warm boiled water to 5% glucose for the first few days of brooding, and to add electrolysis or multivitamins to allow chicks to freely drink water. It can supply 0.01% potassium permanganate water to the chicks to disinfect the drinking water and clean up the gastrointestinal tract and promote the discharge of meconium.
Carefully feeding chicks
Feeds for chicks require good palatability, digestibility, fresh quality, and moderate particle size. Chicks can be eaten within 12 hours to 24 hours after hatching. This is beneficial to the digestion of chicks. The chicks can eat crushed corn, millet, broken rice, crushed wheat, etc., and cook until they are mature. Generally, 1st to 3rd day old chicks were fed 6 times to 8 times every day and night. After 4 days of age, they were fed 4 times to 5 times a day and fed once at night. After that, they gradually transitioned to the feeding materials of chicks. In addition, some chopped young cabbage leaves or grasses are gradually mixed and mixed in young chicken's ingredients. The amount of young cabbage leaves or grass feeding can account for about 10% of the total amount of feed, and then gradually increasing the amount of feed to account for the feed. The total amount of 20% to 30%.
Adjust the temperature and humidity of the brooding room
Generally, the suitable temperature for growing chicks is: 1 week old 30°C~32°C, 2 week old 28°C~30°C, 3 week old 25°C~28°C, 4 week old 22°C~25°C, and can be lowered by 1.5 each week thereafter. °C ~ 2 °C, until gradually reduced to room temperature. The farmers should observe the chicks' dynamics in the brooding room at any time and adjust the temperature of the brooding room to the temperature suitable for the growth of the chicks. Generally suitable for the growth of chickens is the humidity: 1 week of age should be maintained at 60% to 65%, after 1 week to 50% to 60% is appropriate. If the humidity in the brooding room is too large, some quicklime can be placed in the cloth to absorb moisture. If the brooding room is too small, a water basin can be placed on the stove for heating to increase the humidity in the room through moisture evaporation.
Properly control the breeding density of chicks
The size of the chick's stocking density should be reasonably adjusted according to the size of the chick's age, feeding species, feeding methods, and structure of the chicken house. The reasonable density for general breeding chicks is from 20 to 25 per square meter from 0 to 4 weeks of age, and 10 to 20 from 5 to 7 weeks of age. The reasonable density for online brooding is 24 to 28 per square meter from 0 to 4 weeks of age, and 15 to 20 at 5 to 7 weeks of age. The farmer should reasonably control the rearing density of the chicks according to the size of the breeding chicks, the breeding species, feeding methods, and the structure of the chicken house.
Science gives chicks reasonable lighting
The reasonable illumination time of general chicks is: 24 hours from day 0 to day 3, 16 hours to 19 hours from day 4 to day 14 and gradual transition to natural daylight after 15 days of age. The light intensity at the first week of age is every 15 square meters of the house, with a 40-watt bulb hanging at a height of 2 meters, from the second week of age can change to 25-watt bulbs to maintain proper The lighting time can be.
Keep the brood room fresh indoor air
Enhancing the ventilation of the brooding room and keeping fresh air in the brood room are important factors in preventing the diseases of the chicks. The cultivators ventilate and ventilate the brooding room. When the noon is full and the temperature is high, the doors and windows can be opened at the appropriate time for ventilation. The opening range of the doors and windows should be gradually increased from small to large until the doors and windows are opened to the semi-open state. Farmers must not suddenly open the doors and windows due to air pollution in the brood room, so that cold air can be directly blown into the brooding room. If the room temperature in the brooding room suddenly drops, it is easy to induce chickens to suffer from colds and other respiratory diseases.
Carefully manage accident prevention
Farmers should always observe the chick population, keep abreast of the dynamics of the chicks at any time, minimize stress factors, and prevent cats and rats from entering the brooding room; check the room temperature at any time. If the temperature is too low, the chicks will easily cause the chicks to die and the temperature will be too high. It is easy to cause the chicks to breathe open mouth, increase the amount of drinking water, and keep away from the heat source. The farmers should timely adjust the temperature in the brooding room to the temperature suitable for the growth of the chicks according to the dynamics of the chicks. If any chicks with licking or feathering are found, they should promptly Adjust the diets of the chicks and select the individual chicks to be fed in a timely manner and apply gentian violet to the quilts to prevent the licking and feathering from spreading in the chicks. At the same time, the 7th to 11th The age of the chicks should be promptly cut off, with a broken device to remove the 1/2 of the chicks and 1/3 of the lower jaw, two days before the cut can be added to the feed in the amount of vitamin K (20 ml per kg body weight ~ 30 Ml) and antibiotics to prevent bleeding, in order to slow the chicks off stress.
Strengthen disease prevention and disease prevention
Humidity and unhygienic conditions in the brooding room can easily induce disease in chicks, especially chicks with white feathers and coccidiosis, and are most likely to cause disease in wet and unhygienic conditions. Farmers should always keep the brooding room dry and clean, change the litter, drink clean drinking water, keep the feed fresh and clean, and do less feeding Tim to regularly sterilize the brooding room. The chickens are sterilized once every two days during the brooding period. At the same time, attention should be paid to the disinfection of the feeding troughs, drinking fountains, and feeding utensils. The ventilation of the brooding room should be taken care of (to prevent carbon dioxide poisoning). In addition, chicken disease prevention should be strengthened. One-day to three-day-old chicks should be injected with 0.2 ml of freeze-dried turkey vaccine for the detection of Marek’s disease virus. The first immunization should be performed; Newcastle disease II should be used at 5 days to 7 days of age. Or IV vaccine is given by eye drop or intranasal immunization according to the prescribed dose; 14-day-old chicks are given subcutaneous injections of Marek's vaccine for a second immunization; 18-day-olds are injected with Bursa vaccine; at 30 days old, Newcastle disease II or IV is used. The second immunization was performed with the vaccine.
During the brooding period, if the farmer finds out the onset of a chick or a chicken with unexplained disease and death, take the isolation and treatment of the diseased chicks and look for the cause in time, and take corresponding comprehensive prevention and control measures. Keep the chicks away from brooding. The chamber is incinerated or buried in a detoxification treatment to prevent the spread of diseases (especially contagious diseases).
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