Walnut pests and diseases, common rot, ulcer disease, longhorn, ulnar, scale insects and so on. Control methods: timely cutting off pests and branches in the winter, dry and dry branches concentrated burned, and clear the garden work, reduce the source of diseases and insects; early spring to early summer larvae sprayed 600 times the omethoate liquid, can control longhorn, inchworm, shell Insects and other pests; scraped the diseased bark with a knife at the end of the fall, and smeared 100 times the methionine arsenic solution, can prevent dry rot, ulcer disease and other diseases.
Walnut rot control measures and symptoms:
Mainly harmful branches and stems. Sapling trunk or collateral disease, lesions early shuttle-shaped, dark gray water stains slightly swollen, hand-press flow with foamy liquid, diseased skin brown with distiller's grains, after the disease skin subsurface concave, lesions There are many small black spots scattered on the pathogen conidia. When the humidity is high, orange gums emerge from small black spots, which are the spore angles of pathogens. Spread of lesions caused by longitudinal crust out of black water. The trunk of the tree was infected at the beginning of the disease, and the symptoms were hidden in the phloem. The appearance was not easy to see. When the symptoms were seen, the subcutaneous disease department also expanded to more than 20-30 cm, and there was a thick black water that often stuck on the trunk. Branches become infected: one is chlorosis, the cortex is filled with water and the xylem is separated, causing branches to dry and black spots on it. The other kind of diseased spot appeared from the saw cut mouth, spreading down the tip or to another branch, and forming a dry tip after one week.
pathogen
Walnut cattle control measures:
Also called iron solid cattle, iron worms. The walnut production areas in Sichuan are distributed. The main damage to the branches, the damage rate of 95% in areas with serious damage. The main branch of the victim’s tree died, and some of the trunks died of the whole plant.
The victim’s symptom is that the cortex in the victim area is slightly cracked, and a large amount of dung was discharged from the wormhole. After the damage, the cortex is cracked, and there are fewer worms in the xylem than wood moths. Adult emergence holes are mostly in the upper part, showing a large round hole. The number of generations of Cloudbill Tendai varies from place to place, and the overwintering state is also different. It usually takes 1 generation and 3 years in 2 years. Adults or larvae lived in the trunk during the winter and began their activities in late April. May was the adult emergence period and the middle and late June was the peak of spawning. The larva is pale yellow and not enough. Adult dark brown or auburn, with suspended animation and phototaxis habits.
The prevention and control method is to coat the tree trunk with Walnut Fruit No. I in winter or before the spawning period; remove the wood chips in the insect eyes with iron wire and then inject the Walnut Fruit Spirit No. I original medicine into the wormhole with a syringe. Seal the hole with mud. The insecticidal effect is good; using the adult phototaxis and dead-dead habits, the light lures to kill under the tree at night. When the leaves and twigs are frequently observed during the day and young shoots are found to be bitten and fresh, adults can be caught nearby. After spawning by adults, they are frequently inspected and found that there are notches in the hatching of eggs, and hammering with a hammer can eliminate eggs and newly hatched larvae. When the larvae enter the tree trunk, they can be marked with insect feces. The tips of the larvae are made into small hooks with fine iron wires, inserted from the wormholes, and larvae are killed.
Pest Control:
The worm mainly harms walnut leaves and is one of the major pests in the walnut leaves. Adults and larvae feed on the leaf flesh. The hazards form a net or nicks. Sometimes the whole leaf is exposed to light, leaving only the veins. The worm occurs one generation a year, and the adult worms overwinter in the ground or in the base of the trunk. In the middle and early April of the following year, the overwintering adults begin to move and they often feed on the leaves. From late April to early May, the ovipositor lays eggs, and the eggs form a mass on the back of the leaves, each about 20-30 pieces. The larvae hatched in mid-May and the newly hatched larvae ate in groups. The damaged leaves were yellow, and they were dispersed throughout the trees after 2 years of age. In late May, the mature larvae adhered to the back of the leaf, peeling and licking, and the abdomen of the pupa adhered to the larvae on the skin of the larvae and hung upside down on the back of the leaves. During the 4-5 days of the pupa period, adult ecloses emerged. After a short period of feeding, the larvae lurked for winter. From May to June, it is the peak period for both adult and larvae to be harmed at the same time. When it occurs, the leaves of the whole tree will be eaten and it will be like a fire. Damage for 2-3 consecutive years will cause the whole plant to die.
The prevention and control method is to prevent and control walnut fruit in late April and early May. It is diluted with 800-1000 times liquid of walnut to prevent and control. Adults have a large number of occurrence periods and are trapped and killed by a pile of fire or black light. Using its dead-living habits, it was shaken and killed.
Prevention methods (1) Attention should be paid to the removal of diseased fruits and diseased branches and leaves, concentrated deep-buried or burned, which can reduce the source of bacteria.
(2) Selection of disease-resistant varieties. When planting Xinjiang walnut, the row spacing should be appropriate, not too dense and well ventilated.
(3) When the disease was found between June and July, the disease should be removed and sprayed in 1:2:200 times Bordeaux mixture. The heavy-embodied walnut garden should be sprayed with 25% carbon tetrachloride wettable powder 500 times or 50% for 100% after flowering. Grams of wettable powder 800 times, 50% of protective work wettable powder 1000 times, every 10 to 15 days 1 time, continuous control 2 to 3 times.
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