With the adjustment of industrial structure, the cultivation area of ​​watermelons in greenhouses is increasing. However, the accompanying problem is the deterioration of the texture of watermelon in the greenhouse. How to improve the quality of greenhouse watermelon? Mainly pay attention to the following aspects:
Increasing the intensity of photosynthesis intensity of watermelon is mainly determined by the number of sugars such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose. The formation of these sugars is inseparable from photosynthesis. Therefore, the following measures can be taken to increase the intensity of photosynthesis. Improve the light intensity: Choose a non-dropping film that is resistant to low temperature and aging, keep the shed film clean, wipe the film once every 7 days, remove the dust on the film, and increase the transparency. Extend the lighting time: can be achieved by artificial light.
Increase the carbon dioxide content Ventilation: After 9 o'clock on sunny days, open the ventilation vents. When the temperature is low, the vents should be small. Adding carbon dioxide: horse dung can release carbon dioxide in the fermentation process, and can accumulate fresh horse dung in the shed, stacking 5 to 6 kilograms per cubic meter; burning propane generates carbon dioxide, burning 1.2 to 1.5 kilograms in a greenhouse of 600 square meters. Propane can increase the carbon dioxide concentration in the shed to 0.13%. The coke carbon dioxide generator can release carbon dioxide when the coke is fully burned. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is placed in a corrosion-resistant container, and then a small amount of lime (calcium carbonate) is added to pass through the chemical. The reaction produces carbon dioxide; dry ice is released directly in the shed. The period of application of carbon dioxide is mainly in the period of fruitful growth of watermelon, especially during fruit development. The suitable time for application is around 10:00 am and the concentration is 0.1% to 0.5%.
Reducing nitrogen supply After the watermelon enlarges, it should reduce the nitrogen supply and increase the amount of potassium fertilizer. When applying Swelling melon fertilizer, 15-20 grams of potassium sulfate is added to each plant, especially to control the absorption of nitrogen by the plants in the later period of growth of watermelon. If excessive nitrogen is absorbed, the quality of watermelon will be reduced. Since the watermelon no longer grows at this time, excess nitrogen accumulates in the melon, which in turn deteriorates the sweetness and flavor of the watermelon. An increase in lateral vines during this period is an indication of excess nitrogen.
Increase the temperature difference between day and night. Higher daytime temperatures can increase the intensity of photosynthesis and reduce the greenhouse temperature after sunset. This can reduce the respiratory intensity of plants, reduce the consumption of sugar, and allow more sugar to be stored in the melon, which is beneficial to the accumulation of carbohydrates. Improve the sweetness of watermelon. In the late growth period of watermelon, ventilation is strengthened, and the day and night temperature difference in the shed can be artificially increased.
Before the harvest, the control of pouring fruits began to develop to 2 to 3 days before harvest. Environmental conditions and cultivation measures played a decisive role in the quality of watermelons. Many watermelon-producing areas have the saying “dry and melon is sweetâ€. Before the harvest, there was no rain, and the watermelon was indeed sweet. Before the harvest, it encountered heavy rain, while the watermelon was not sweet. Therefore, watering should be stopped 5 days before harvest of watermelon, which can relatively improve the sweetness of watermelon.
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