Blackpox
The disease is the main disease in the grape growing areas of the country, especially in the hot and humid season, and the disease is serious.
1, symptoms
The main damage to the green part of the grape plant, especially the young part, such as young shoots, young leaves, inflorescence, tendrils, young fruit and so on. After the tenderness of the tender shoots, oval or irregular brown streak began to appear. Afterwards, it was grayish black and dark brown or purple on the edge. The middle part was sag and cracked, forming ulcer spots, and the diseased shoots stopped growing, resulting in dried and darkened withering. After the young leaves become infected, they begin to show water-stained, light-brown, round spots, and then gradually expand. The lesions turn gray in the middle, with dark brown and dark perforations on the edges, or the young leaves shrink and die. When leaf blade damage is severe, the leaves often roll down into a deformed shape. After the inflorescence is affected, it begins to appear light brown spots and then turns black. When it is severe, the whole inflorescence or buds are dry or fall off. After the young fruit was infected, the brown spot first appeared on the fruit surface, and then it expanded. The center was grayish white, concave, with black particles on the surface.
2. Control methods
(1) Elimination of pathogens combined with summer pruning, complete removal of diseased shoots, diseased fruit, and removal of diseased leaves; pruning of litters after winter pruning and concentrated burning to reduce the source of disease and reduce disease.
(2) Strengthen plant management to prevent excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, reasonably increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, increase tree vigor, prevent shoot growth and increase resistance; reasonably adjust the plane dendrites so that they are uniformly distributed, and have air and light-transmitting tree structures. .
(3) Disinfection of seedlings and cuttings The seedlings used in new vineyards and nursery sites must be sterilized before planting and cutting. The commonly used agents for disinfection are: 10-15% ammonium sulfate solution and ferrous sulfate sulfuric acid mixture (% ferrous sulfate + 1% crude sulfuric acid), 3-5% copper sulfate solution, Baume 3-5 degree lime sulfur compound Wait. The method is: soaking the seedlings or cuttings in any of the above-mentioned liquids for 3-5 minutes and then removing them, and then flushing with fresh water.
(4) Chemicals prevent defoliation until germination, and use Baume 3-5 degree lime sulfur + 0.2-0.3% sodium pentachlorophenolate (PCP) to eliminate the source of overwintering disease; during the growth period, spray 1 time before and after flowering: 0.5: 200-240 times Bordeaux mixture, after which the 200-fold equivalent Bordeaux mixture is sprayed once every half month. In the later stage of growth, 50% of the bacteria can be used to remove 800-1000 times of the bacteria, or 50% of carbendazim can be used as the 1000 times of the solution to treat other diseases.
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