During the cultivation of white shrimps in South America, how to control the appropriate amount of feed is difficult for fish farmers to grasp. Some farmers often have problems due to poor feed intake. Now we introduce some issues related to this issue. , I hope to help farmers.
I. Improper feeding and feeding failure If there is not enough feeding during the breeding process, the growth rate of the shrimp will be slowed down, the time between the shells will be prolonged, the prawn will decline due to lack of nutrients, and the infectious diseases will die; or The difference increases, the size is uneven, and it affects the output.
Excessive feeding during the breeding process, if excessive feeding, will increase the residual bait, a waste of food, increase the bait coefficient. At the same time, due to excessive residual baits and feces for anaerobic decomposition, a large amount of harmful substances are generated, and water quality and sediment quality are damaged, causing accidents. In addition, due to the deterioration of the environment, it is conducive to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. As a result, it increases the pressure for disease prevention and causes disease and causes death. This phenomenon is particularly serious in the later period of cultivation.
Second, to determine the appropriate amount of feeding method to determine the amount of bait
1. Daily feeding times: Some farmers feed 4 times a day, and some feed only 2 times a day. Practice has proved that increasing the number of feedings appropriately can increase the utilization of food and facilitate the growth and development of shrimp. It is recommended to feed 5 to 6 times a day, usually starting at 5 o'clock in the morning and feeding every 3 to 4 hours. Taking into account the law of shrimp movements, feed more in the morning or evening, and feed more at night than during the day, with daytime feeding accounting for 40% of all-day feeding and 60% at night.
2. Daily feeding amount: The determination of feeding amount is complicated and affected by various factors such as weather, density and constitution of shrimp in the pond, the proportion of shrimps in different growth stages, the number of food organisms and competition organisms in the pond, and the quality of the feed itself. , water quality, environmental conditions, shelling, medication, etc. Therefore, the determination of the amount of feed should be combined with the shrimp growth measurement, shrimp feeding conditions and the bottom of the pool bait situation, under normal circumstances, feed after feeding for one hour observation, shrimp stomach fullness rate can reach 70% to 80%.
3. To determine whether the amount of feed is appropriate: After the amount of feed is determined, it needs to be re-determined at regular intervals (usually 7 days to 10 days). In addition, the feed intake of shrimp is also related to various factors, such as weather, water temperature, shrimp Health conditions. Therefore, after determining the amount of feeding at a certain stage, it must be verified to determine whether the feeding is appropriate or it should be adjusted.
The specific verification method is as follows: 2 to 3 bait stations are set around the shrimp ponds, and the following two conditions are used to prove that the feeding is appropriate after feeding according to the above-mentioned estimated amount. If not, the feeding amount should be adjusted in time. One is after feeding. There is no food remaining in the feed station for 50 minutes to 60 minutes. Second, 70% to 80% of shrimps reach full stomach.
At the same time, it should be noted that the material platform should be set at the bottom of the pool. If the material platform is not at the bottom of the pool, it is not possible to determine whether or not the shrimp have been fed simply by feeding on the bait. If the feed on the feed table is eaten by the shrimp in a relatively short period of time but there is indeed a feed at the bottom of the pond, it should be suspected at this time that the shrimp are not willing to feed at the bottom of the pond because the bottom environment has deteriorated.
The method of feeding should be based on the different growth stages of the shrimp to determine the appropriate feeding method. When the seedlings are fed, the entire pool should be evenly distributed. After the shrimps are 3 cm long, they can be evenly distributed around the pool. When the feeding is completed, the aerator must be turned off for 1 hour. Otherwise, the bait can easily be rotated to the center of the pool and piled up with fecal matter so that it is not easy to be ingested. Penaeus vannamei also has peculiar feeding habits and is not willing to ingest new foods when eating certain foods. Therefore, it should be gradually replaced when changing feeds, to avoid wasting food and affecting growth.
The feeding management of Penaeus vannamei should be relatively reasonable. It is necessary to ensure that the shrimps are full and eat well, but also take into account the environment and save costs. The following principles should be followed in the feeding process: 1 After evening and before dawn Hey, feed less under the conditions of the hot sun. 2 After feeding for 1.5 hours, a high rate of empty stomach (more than 30%) was properly fed. 3 When the water temperature is lower than 18°C ​​or higher than 32°C, feed less. (4) Feed more when the weather is fine, and feed less or not when heavy storms and cold currents (cooling above 5°C) occur. 5 Less feed the prawn on the day of shelling, and feed it more after shelling for 1 day. 6 pools of competing organisms are fed more than appropriate. 7 Feed more when the water quality is good, and feed less when the water quality deteriorates. 8 When the bio-food in the tank is sufficient, it can be fed as little as possible.
Feed feeding is an important part of the cultivation of white shrimp in South America. Whether or not feeding is appropriate relates to the success of aquaculture and the level of aquaculture efficiency. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the management of feeding, observation, and inspection to ensure reasonable feeding. Improper feeding, adjust in time.
I. Improper feeding and feeding failure If there is not enough feeding during the breeding process, the growth rate of the shrimp will be slowed down, the time between the shells will be prolonged, the prawn will decline due to lack of nutrients, and the infectious diseases will die; or The difference increases, the size is uneven, and it affects the output.
Excessive feeding during the breeding process, if excessive feeding, will increase the residual bait, a waste of food, increase the bait coefficient. At the same time, due to excessive residual baits and feces for anaerobic decomposition, a large amount of harmful substances are generated, and water quality and sediment quality are damaged, causing accidents. In addition, due to the deterioration of the environment, it is conducive to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. As a result, it increases the pressure for disease prevention and causes disease and causes death. This phenomenon is particularly serious in the later period of cultivation.
Second, to determine the appropriate amount of feeding method to determine the amount of bait
1. Daily feeding times: Some farmers feed 4 times a day, and some feed only 2 times a day. Practice has proved that increasing the number of feedings appropriately can increase the utilization of food and facilitate the growth and development of shrimp. It is recommended to feed 5 to 6 times a day, usually starting at 5 o'clock in the morning and feeding every 3 to 4 hours. Taking into account the law of shrimp movements, feed more in the morning or evening, and feed more at night than during the day, with daytime feeding accounting for 40% of all-day feeding and 60% at night.
2. Daily feeding amount: The determination of feeding amount is complicated and affected by various factors such as weather, density and constitution of shrimp in the pond, the proportion of shrimps in different growth stages, the number of food organisms and competition organisms in the pond, and the quality of the feed itself. , water quality, environmental conditions, shelling, medication, etc. Therefore, the determination of the amount of feed should be combined with the shrimp growth measurement, shrimp feeding conditions and the bottom of the pool bait situation, under normal circumstances, feed after feeding for one hour observation, shrimp stomach fullness rate can reach 70% to 80%.
3. To determine whether the amount of feed is appropriate: After the amount of feed is determined, it needs to be re-determined at regular intervals (usually 7 days to 10 days). In addition, the feed intake of shrimp is also related to various factors, such as weather, water temperature, shrimp Health conditions. Therefore, after determining the amount of feeding at a certain stage, it must be verified to determine whether the feeding is appropriate or it should be adjusted.
The specific verification method is as follows: 2 to 3 bait stations are set around the shrimp ponds, and the following two conditions are used to prove that the feeding is appropriate after feeding according to the above-mentioned estimated amount. If not, the feeding amount should be adjusted in time. One is after feeding. There is no food remaining in the feed station for 50 minutes to 60 minutes. Second, 70% to 80% of shrimps reach full stomach.
At the same time, it should be noted that the material platform should be set at the bottom of the pool. If the material platform is not at the bottom of the pool, it is not possible to determine whether or not the shrimp have been fed simply by feeding on the bait. If the feed on the feed table is eaten by the shrimp in a relatively short period of time but there is indeed a feed at the bottom of the pond, it should be suspected at this time that the shrimp are not willing to feed at the bottom of the pond because the bottom environment has deteriorated.
The method of feeding should be based on the different growth stages of the shrimp to determine the appropriate feeding method. When the seedlings are fed, the entire pool should be evenly distributed. After the shrimps are 3 cm long, they can be evenly distributed around the pool. When the feeding is completed, the aerator must be turned off for 1 hour. Otherwise, the bait can easily be rotated to the center of the pool and piled up with fecal matter so that it is not easy to be ingested. Penaeus vannamei also has peculiar feeding habits and is not willing to ingest new foods when eating certain foods. Therefore, it should be gradually replaced when changing feeds, to avoid wasting food and affecting growth.
The feeding management of Penaeus vannamei should be relatively reasonable. It is necessary to ensure that the shrimps are full and eat well, but also take into account the environment and save costs. The following principles should be followed in the feeding process: 1 After evening and before dawn Hey, feed less under the conditions of the hot sun. 2 After feeding for 1.5 hours, a high rate of empty stomach (more than 30%) was properly fed. 3 When the water temperature is lower than 18°C ​​or higher than 32°C, feed less. (4) Feed more when the weather is fine, and feed less or not when heavy storms and cold currents (cooling above 5°C) occur. 5 Less feed the prawn on the day of shelling, and feed it more after shelling for 1 day. 6 pools of competing organisms are fed more than appropriate. 7 Feed more when the water quality is good, and feed less when the water quality deteriorates. 8 When the bio-food in the tank is sufficient, it can be fed as little as possible.
Feed feeding is an important part of the cultivation of white shrimp in South America. Whether or not feeding is appropriate relates to the success of aquaculture and the level of aquaculture efficiency. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the management of feeding, observation, and inspection to ensure reasonable feeding. Improper feeding, adjust in time.
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