With remedial measures greenhouse vegetables are mostly broad-leaved vegetables, such as cucurbits of cucumber, wax gourd, squash, leguminous kidney beans, peas, soybeans, solanaceous eggplant, pepper and so on. In the category of herbicides, the commonly used sulfonylurea herbicides mainly rely on the absorption and conduction of plant roots, stems, and leaves to kill weeds, and the phytotoxicity to broad-leaved vegetables is quite serious, such as thifensulfuron, as long as there are traces of pharmaceutical contact. When it comes to vegetables, serious injury will occur.
First, the cause of serious injury
(1) High temperature in the greenhouse, good watering conditions, and high humidity are conducive to the full play of the efficacy of the herbicide. Herbicides have serious injury. (b) Sulfonylurea herbicides are mainly used to control broad weeds, but broad-leaved vegetables are also very sensitive to it, causing serious injury. (3) Many vegetable varieties in greenhouses are cultivated on three-dimensional scaffolds, and the liquid medicine is easily distributed to various places and drifts to young parts. The occurrence of phytotoxicity is large and heavy.
Second, the symptoms of pesticides in several vegetables
(1) Cucurbitaceous vegetables The largest and most widely distributed cucumber planting area is the most sensitive to pesticides, especially herbicides. Symptoms of sulfonylurea herbicides that cause phytotoxicity in cucumbers are: dwarfed plants, slow growth, and difficulty in growing new leaves. Even if the new leaves grow, the leaves are yellow and the leaves become thinner and appear. The yellow spots separated by veins are fragile and easy to fall off. The flowers are thin, easy to fall off, and some die on melon vines. There are fewer seeds and more malformed melons. (b) Eggplant, pepper and other planting areas of solanaceous vegetables are relatively large and widely distributed, and are more sensitive to herbicides. The phytotoxicity of sulfonylurea herbicides to eggplant is: dwarfing and slow growth of the plants; embossing and main flowers are detached or detached as a whole, and dry and dry on eggplant plants. Most of the eggplant flowers left after flowering results, although with indole acetic acid, 2,4-D, naphthalene acetic acid, anti-dropping factor, gibberellin, etc., in order to protect the fruit, but the handle is still easy to form From the layer, the shedding rate is higher. The top leaves yellow and thin, and the middle and upper leaves curl inward or outward. When you open the upper stalk, you can see that the inside is black and black. After the results, the fruit cracking was more in the blinking period and it was eye-like. The young fruit after the blinking period was shed more. Most of the mature eggplants were deformed. The long fruit eggplant showed a “U†shape, and the oval eggplant was irregularly shaped. The eggplant that appears phytotoxic hardens and tastes bad when eaten. After being sterilized by sulfonylurea herbicides, peppers showed slow growth, dwarfing, more flowers falling off, leaf curling, underdeveloped root systems, and hard and off-flavored shedding fruits. (3) The legume bean planting area is the largest in the leguminous vegetables, and the most serious drug injury is caused by the symptoms: after 5 days exposure to trace amounts of sulfonylurea herbicides, 50% of the leaves are yellowed and the yellowing rate is 6-7 days. Up to 80%, the new leaves are difficult to grow, the plants stop growing, and the leaves have irregular macules separated by veins. The flower exfoliation rate is high, the flowers that do not fall are thin, the scab rate is low, and the pods are small and smelly.
3. Remedies for phytotoxicity The following remedial measures may be taken in the event of herbicide damage to vegetables:
(1) Vegetable fields that have severe phytotoxicity cannot generally be restored. They can be immediately removed and replanted. Soybean and other leguminous vegetables can be planted. (B) Immediately spray toxic poisons and plant physiological regulators, such as auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin, to prevent organ shedding, promote cell division, and inhibit aging. (3) To strengthen water and fertilizer management, fertilizers should use foliar fertilizers and trace fertilizers containing zinc and iron.
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