One, cucumber downy mildew
1. The symptoms of the disease. Cucumber downy mildew symptoms are manifested in: seedling stage, adult stage can be the disease, mainly damage the leaves. Leaf lesions, watery immersed lesions on the leaf margins or on the back of leaves, especially evident in the morning, lesions gradually expanding, limited by veins, appearing as polygonal brown or yellowish brown lesions, when the humidity is high, the leaves or the leaves grow out A lot of gray black mold layer. The later lesions ruptured into contiguous pieces, causing the leaf margins to curl and dry. The occurrence and development of downy mildew, in the appropriate temperature range, humidity plays a decisive role, the sporangia in the leaf surface with water droplets or water, 2 to 3 hours to complete the infection process.
2. The main control measures. Chemical control: The commonly used agent is 75% chlorothalonil WP, 600 times liquid 70% EDPA, MnZn WP 500 times, or 72.2% Prec 800 times, and spray every 7-10 days. 1 drug. The spray must be sprayed on both positive and negative leaves; especially on the back of the leaf; be sure to spray well and spray thoroughly. Agricultural control: (1) Variable temperature management: In the morning, when the grasshoppers are opened, the air is released for 0.5 hours, and then the greenhouses are closed tightly. The temperature of the greenhouses is rapidly increased to 28°C or more. When the temperature rises to 30°C, a small breeze is started. In the morning, the temperature is controlled at 28-32°C. If the temperature of the shelf continues to increase in the afternoon, the amount of air leakage can be increased and the temperature can be lowered to 20-25°C. After the night was over, the temperature was controlled at 18-20°C in the middle of the night and the temperature was kept below 14°C in the middle of the night, with watering at the same time. (2) High-temperature stuffy shed: After entering April, if a diseased plant is found, the shelter can be closed on sunny days in the morning. The temperature is raised to 45°C and maintained for 2 hours to kill the bacteria in the shed. In order to prevent the occurrence of downy mildew disease, it is possible to bury the shed 1 time per week. After the sheds are properly vented, the amount of bleed air is small. At the same time, greenhouses try to use non-dropping membranes. It is also necessary to increase nutrition and cultivate strong seedlings.
Second, gray mold
1. Shape and condition. Cucumber gray mold mainly damages cucumber flowers, melon strips, leaves and stems, and most of them start to invade. After the victimization, the pedicles of flowers and young larvae became immersed in water and faded. The diseased area gradually became soft and rot. The surface was densely brown and brown and the petals were withered. The victims of light growth stagnation, rotten gourd head, and the melon rot. Rotten melons and rotten flowers will cause stem and leaf disease on stems and leaves. The leaf lesions were initially immersed in water and turned gray-brown. The lesions had brown-brown moldy layers in between. Commonly on the leaf blade, the damaged flowers fall on the leaves to form large dead spots with a diameter of 20-25 mm, sometimes with pronounced ring veins. After the onset of the stalk, it is easy to cause rot. The vines are broken and the plants are dead. The infected parts can be seen as gray-brown moldy.
2. The main control measures. Chemical control: spraying at the early stage of the disease, the available agents are: 50% fast-inking WP 2000 times, or 50% acetaminophen wettable powder 1500 times, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 Double fluid. With 6.5% Propylazil dust, 1 kg/667 m2. Or with 28% gray mold WP 500 times, etc., every 6 to 7 days medication 1, continuous control of 3 to 4 times. Per 667 square meters of liquid medicine about 60 kg. Agricultural control: With cucumber downy mildew, pay attention to the situation of temperature and humidity inside the shed, while strengthening its management of water and fertilizer, timely removal of sick bodies, timely removal of diseased flowers, diseased melons, diseased leaves, out of the shed to be buried.
Third, powdery mildew chemical control: In the initial stage of spraying, the company's agents are: 40% Fuxing EC 8000~10000 times, 25% Triadimefon 1500 times, 50% Carbendazim WP 600~800. Double liquid, alternating spray with the above agents, medication once every 7 to 10 days, continuous control of 2 or 3 times.
IV. Fusarium oxysporum chemical control: spraying at the early stage of the disease, the available agents are: 50% carbendazim WP 500 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times, 70% dextromethorphan Wettable powder 1000 times solution (or 50% standing liquid 800 times solution), irrigated roots, irrigation 250 ml per plant, irrigation once every 7 days, even irrigation 3 times.
Other prevention and control measures: The occurrence of cucumber wilt disease can also be reduced through the selection of disease-resistant varieties, seed treatment, rational rotation, grafting prevention, strengthening cultivation management, and cleaning the countryside.
Fourth, anthrax prevention and control: 70% of 400 mg of manganese manganese, or 200 times of agricultural anti-120 water agent, or 2% of Wuyimycin (BO ~ 10) water agent 200 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettability 800 times the powder, or 75% of white bacteria 500 times spraying bacteria leaves can be, when spraying the West must pay attention to both sides of the blade spray West.
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