First, raw material preparation The formulation of the culture medium is a wood-based fungus. In order to increase the yield and quality, the culture medium must contain more than 30% of sawdust. The formula of the cultivation material is as follows: (1) 38 kg of wood chips, 10 kg of wheat bran, 1 kg of sugar, 0.5 kg of gypsum, 0.5 kg of superphosphate, and 35 g of carbendazim. (2) Cottonseed hull 20 kg, wood chips 19 kg, wheat bran 10 kg, sugar 0.75 kg, gypsum 0.5 kg, carbendazim 35 g. (3) Corncob 25 kg, wood chips 15 kg, wheat bran 8.5 kg, sugar 0.75 kg, gypsum 0.5 kg, urea 0.25 kg, carbendazim 35 g. (4) Rice straw (or straw) powder 19.5 kg, wood chips 19.5 kg, wheat bran 9.25 kg, grain 0.75 kg, gypsum 0.5 kg, carbendazim 35 g. 2. Pre-processing of sawdust Wood chips contain a large amount of woody constituents such as pine, cypress and fir. Wood chips of these species contain enepenoids that inhibit the growth of mycelium. Therefore, necessary measures must be taken to treat the mushrooms. In order to make the normal growth of mycelium. Specific methods are the following: (1) Soak wood chips with 2% lime water for 12-24 hours, or soak it with 0.2%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution for about 12 hours, then remove. Rinse and dry with water. (2) Cook the wood chips with boiling water for 15 minutes or so. Rinse them with clean water and dry them before use. (3) Expose the sun's rays for 60 days to 90 days to decompose and evaporate the olefins. 3. Accumulation Fermentation Mix the culture materials according to the formula, then mix the water in a ratio of 1:1.3 and build a heap. Pile width 1.2 meters to 2 meters, 1 meter to 1.5 meters high, was trapezoidal, depending on the length of the material and the venue. The composting period is generally about 26 days, and the turning is generally 4 to 5 times. The time is allocated to 7 days, 6 days, 5 days, 4 days and 4 days. The fermentation time is short and the material cannot be fully decomposed; if the fermentation time is too long, the nutrient loss in the culture material is large. The order of adding the other materials to the combined tumbling was as follows: the plaster was added twice in the first and second turnings, and urea was added three times during the construction of the pile and the first and second turnings. Lime is added on the third turnover. Wheat bran, sugar, and carbendazim were added after the bag was fermented. The stock color is tan or brown, not black; mellow taste, odorless, rancid and musty; the material becomes soft and elastic; the volume is reduced by 40% compared to the original, and the weight is reduced by about 30%. Second, the mushroom house disinfection culture material into the mushroom room before the first disinfection, into the mushroom room after the second disinfection. This minimizes the presence of germs and pests in houseplants, bedsteads, and cultures. The specific method is: every 100 cubic meters of space, with sulfur 500 grams, 100 grams of dichlorvos, 200 grams of formaldehyde, mixed with wood heating, sealed fumigation for 24 hours, and then open the doors and windows for ventilation, until the mushroom room smell dissipated, Can enter the operation. Third, cultivation and management 1. Embossing or bagging (1) Mixing. Carbendazim was dissolved in a small amount of clear water and added to the culture medium with wheat bran. Gradually added an appropriate amount of fresh water and stirred thoroughly. The moisture content of the culture material was approximately 60%. Do not lower the degree, pH is 6.5 to 7, and then mix 10% of the bacteria. (2) Embossing or bagging. Put a plastic film soaked in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution on the concrete floor, put a wooden frame mold with a length and width of 33 cm and a height of 8 cm on the film, and then spread 1 cm. For thick strains, pour the culture material of the seed dressing into the wooden frame, slightly pressurize the surface, and then spread 1 cm thick strain on the surface. It is advisable to not expose the culture material. Finally, use a wooden board to scrape, compact and loosen. Open the frame mold and prepare the embryonic seed block with a thickness of 6 cm to 7 cm, and finally fold the membrane. If bagged, first insert the seed culture material into the bag, insert a hole in the center with a vertebral rod, and finally spread a layer of 1 cm thick bacteria on both ends of the material bag. , Zhakou can be sealed. 2. The optimum temperature for the management of mycelium growth during mycelial culture was 25°C. During mycelial growth, the relative humidity of the air is required to be 60% to 65%. Before the mycelium is full, avoid tilting the membrane to prevent the invasion of bacteria and facilitate the insulation. When the mycelium is overgrown, the embryos are turned over one side and the culture is continued for 4 days to 5 days. When the surface mycelium turns to about 40% brown, the mushrooms can be put on shelves. 3. The optimum temperature for the management of fruiting during the fruiting period is 12°C to 18°C, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which can promote the formation of fruiting bodies of mushrooms. The relative humidity of the air in the mushroom house is maintained at about 90%. The specific measures taken are: spraying water on the ground and walls, and spraying in the air. The water content of the bacterial mass should reach 50% to 60%. With the increase of culture time, the moisture content of the bacterial mass will gradually decrease, but water can not be directly sprayed on the fruit body, otherwise the fruit body will be easy to be rotten. If the moisture content of the lumps drops below 40%, it is very light to pick it up. At this time, the lumps will be immersed in the pool and soaked for 15 to 20 hours to allow it to fully absorb enough water and then remove it and place it on the rack. Usually 4 to 5 batches of mushrooms are harvested until all nutrients in the culture are exhausted. 4. When the fruiting body of the mushroom grows to 70% to 80%, it must be timely harvested. When harvesting, it is necessary to pay attention to mining large and small, combined with mining, to prevent damage to the surrounding mushrooms and bacteria, do not leave the base of the stipe on the bacteria, so as not to affect the impact of bacteria on mushrooms. 5. Spray nutrient solution (1) formula. No.1 robust nutrient: B90.5 grams, dimension B 140 milligrams, urea 100 grams, water 100 kilograms. No. 2 Robust: B91 g, B1100 mg, magnesium sulfate 50 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100 g, water 100 kg. (2) How to use it. After harvesting mushrooms for two days, after 2 days to 3 days without water, use No. 1 robustin, spray 2 or 3 times successively, and use 0.25% of nutrient solution per square meter to make the mycelia turn white and thick.
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