There are several ways to act as a bactericide

Fungicides play a crucial role in managing plant diseases by either preventing or eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. There are two primary modes of action: protective fungicides and systemic fungicides. Protective fungicides work by coming into direct contact with pathogens on the surface of plants or in the environment, thereby stopping them from infecting the plant. On the other hand, systemic fungicides are absorbed by the plant and transported throughout its tissues, offering protection from within. Protective fungicides function in two main ways. First, they can directly kill pathogens upon contact, known as "contact bactericidal action." Second, they leave a residual effect on the plant surface, poisoning any pathogens that land on it later, referred to as "residual bactericidal effect." These types of fungicides are commonly used to prevent infections before they occur. Common protective fungicides include sulfur-based compounds like wettable sulfur and lime sulfur; copper-based products such as Bordeaux mixture and copper ammonium solutions; organic sulfur compounds like mancozeb and thiram; and synthetic compounds such as captan and benomyl. Additionally, antibiotics like jinggangmycin and polyoxin are also used for their protective properties. Other examples include chlorothalonil, saccharin, and various other chemical formulations. Systemic fungicides, unlike protective ones, are absorbed by the plant and distributed through its vascular system. This allows them to reach areas where pathogens may be present, even if the initial application was only on one part of the plant. There are two main types of systemic movement: acropetal, where the fungicide moves upward with the transpiration stream to the leaves and buds, and basipetal, where it moves downward along with the phloem’s photosynthetic products. Examples of systemic fungicides include benzimidazoles like carbendazim and thiabendazole, dimethylureas, phosphorus-based compounds like triethylphosphonate, and sterol biosynthesis inhibitors such as myclobutanil, imazalil, and triadimefon. These compounds often have broad-spectrum activity and can both protect and treat plant diseases. In terms of mechanism, fungicides can either kill pathogens (bactericidal) or inhibit their growth or spore germination (bacteriostatic). Both approaches are effective in disease management. Fungicides operate through three main principles: chemical protection, which prevents infection; chemical treatment, which targets existing infections; and chemical immunity, which enhances the plant's natural defenses against pathogens. Understanding these mechanisms helps farmers and growers choose the most appropriate fungicides for their specific needs, ensuring effective disease control while minimizing environmental impact.

Mini Locking Plate

The mini locking system can be used for the fixation of ossicles and small bone fragments, osteotomy, arthrodesis, and replantation and reconstruction of ossicles and small bone fragments.

It is composed of micro locking plate 1.5mm/2.0mm/2.4mm/2.7mm series, covering a variety of plate types and a wide range of indications. The plates are all anatomical design, which reduces the need for shaping and helps to reduce the workload of surgeons. Low profile and countersunk screw design can reduce soft tissue injury. Matching orthopedic screws self-tapping design, convenient implantation, screw plum design, reduce screw hexagonal sliding teeth. The composite hole design can not only realize the compression of the fracture end, but also can be used as a locking internal orthopedic fixation frame. Part of the reconstruction structure is convenient for the surgeon to tailor the implant according to the actual situation in the reoperation, and increase the flexibility of the operation. Its indications are mainly phalanx, metacarpal, scaphoid and other carpal bones, ulnar styloid process and capitulum, radial head and styloid process fracture fixation. The 1.5mm orthopedic implants titanium system is mainly used for the middle and proximal phalanx, the 2.0mm orthopedic plates system for the metacarpal bones, the 2.4mm implant locking plate system for the first metacarpal bones and carpal bones, and the 2.7mm mini plate system is mainly used for the distal ulna and radius. According to the clinical research, the micro-locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of multiple comminuted metacarpal fractures can effectively achieve the anatomical reduction and healing required by the clinic. The patients have good postoperative healing, and the functional recovery of the affected limb is good during the postoperative follow-up. It has good clinical effect and can be further promoted and applied.

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