More phosphorus-loving crops in autumn
For example, the crops in the leguminous family include broad beans, peas, etc., and the rape and radish vegetables in the cruciferous family are sensitive to phosphate fertilizers and require a large amount. Increasing the application of phosphorus fertilizer during autumn sowing can meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical period of phosphorus demand, and it is closely related to promoting its early maturity, high quality and high yield, especially in the soil that causes phosphorus deficiency and becomes a limiting factor for increasing production. Medium application, yield can be greatly improved. According to the experiment of the agricultural technology department, the application of phosphorus fertilizer in the phosphorus-deficient soil increased the yield of rape by an average of 44.5 kg, which was an increase of 23.1 kg over the control; the yield of green manure legumes increased by more than 50%. Phosphorus-loving crops have a well-developed root system and a strong ability to absorb phosphorus. The utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer applied in the current season is generally about 10% higher than other crops. Therefore, the application of phosphorus fertilizers is emphasized for phosphorus-loving crops in order to give full play to the biological fertilizer effects of phosphorus fertilizers and promote crop growth.
Autumn crops are mostly dry crops
Under dry farming conditions, the availability of phosphorus is low. After entering the winter, the microbial activity in the soil is weak, the phosphorus capacity is small, the rate is slow, and the intensity is low. Moreover, under dry farming conditions, soil moisture tension is large, the mass flow and diffusion of phosphates are reduced, the displacement of phosphorus is small, and the availability is lower than that of rice under water conditions. 3 times. In addition, some dry crops such as wheat crops are originally crops that have a poor response to phosphorus, while large and wheat require more phosphorus during the greening and tillering stages. Therefore, the planting period of wheat crops emphasizes the application of phosphorus to meet the demand for phosphorus during the critical period. Phosphate fertilizers applied during dry farming and autumn sowing have a significant effect on promoting roots, increasing tillers and strengthening seedlings of crops. This is determined by the location of the phosphate fertilizer.
Strong phosphorus fixation ability in dry farming soil
After dry land or water is changed to drought, due to the increase of soil permeability, the decrease of pH value and the increase of oxidation-reduction potential, the closed storage phosphorus in the soil increases, and the effectiveness of phosphorus is greatly reduced. This is mainly formed by the iron oxide film encapsulating the insoluble iron phosphate and aluminum under dry land conditions. Therefore, phosphorus should be given priority to dry land than paddy land. After rewatering and planting rice, due to changes in soil physical and chemical properties, the after-effect of phosphate fertilizer accounts for about 75%-90% of the applied phosphorus, which is determined by the chemical fertilizer effect of phosphate fertilizer.
From the point of view of improving the stress resistance of autumn sown crops, after the autumn sown crops are sown, the crops are susceptible to drought and freezing under the harsh winter of growth and low temperature. However, the application of phosphorus fertilizer can improve the autumn The hydration and adhesion of cell cytoplasm during the wintering period of sowing crops lowers the freezing point, thereby improving the cold resistance and drought tolerance of the crops, which is beneficial to the safe overwintering of autumn sowing crops in winter.
In addition, the application of phosphate fertilizer is emphasized for the winter green manure planted in autumn. Not only is the legume green manure itself phosphate-loving crops, the application of phosphate fertilizer strengthens the photosynthesis of the plant, produces more carbohydrates, promotes the flourishing of stems and leaves, and accumulates more substances, which can It provides the growth and reproduction of rhizobia and enhances its nitrogen-fixing effect. Therefore, when planting green manure, the application of phosphate fertilizer is not only conducive to cultivating strong seedlings, improving cold resistance in winter, and laying a solid foundation for the growth of green manure and increasing the yield of fresh grass next year. It is the effect of increasing nitrogen with phosphorus.
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