In order to effectively do a good job in defense response, cold prevention and disaster reduction, and to ensure the normal production of Chinese medicinal materials, the following management and protection measures for cold rain, snow and freezing weather are provided for reference:
Preventive measures for field management
1. Take the stand in advance. In rain, snow, and freezing weather, set up a support in advance next to the damaged medicinal plants that are prone to lodging (can be prepared in advance according to the weather forecast) to prevent mechanical damage such as broken branches and lodging of Chinese medicinal plants due to snow disasters and freezing.
2. Clear snow in time. When or after it snows, arrange personnel to clear the snow on the medicinal plants or in the medicinal garden in time to prevent mechanical damage such as broken branches and lodging of the Chinese medicinal plants due to snow accumulation. For the protection facilities such as greenhouses and large sheds in the drug garden and the processing plants of the base site, the snow on the roofs of the sheds should be cleared in time to prevent the collapse of the facilities and plants caused by the snow.
3. Manual heating to prevent freezing. Follow up and check the local weather forecast in advance. In the case of abnormally low temperature, especially at night when the snow is melting and freezing, methods such as artificial smoke or water spray in the drug garden can be used to prevent frost hazards.
Management measures after rain and snow
1. Clean up the disaster-stricken medicine garden as soon as possible. After rain, snow and freezing weather, pay close attention to clearing the disaster-stricken medicine garden as soon as possible in fine weather and dry soil. Use branch shears and saws to remove mechanically broken and obviously necrotic plants, and pay attention to keeping the incision as an outer slope to prevent water from rotting the incision. For the whole plant that freezes to death, dig out all the roots of the plant and sprinkle quicklime around the root hole. For some reserved areas, overwinter medicinal materials can be harvested in advance in fine weather.
2. Delay and strengthen the winter pruning of the disaster-affected medicine garden. Compared with normal years, it is recommended to postpone winter pruning in the medicine gardens that encounter rain, snow and freezing weather. Generally, you can postpone it until the temperature stabilizes and pick up fine weather to trim the reserved medicinal plants.
3. Check the disaster-stricken medicine garden in time to replenish the seedlings. After the rain, snow and freezing weather is over, for the medicinal materials planted in autumn and some of the dead medicinal materials on the ground for winter, according to the emergence of the seedlings, the seedlings should be checked in time to prevent lack of seedlings.
4. Strengthen fertilizer and water management in disaster-affected medicine gardens. For the medicine gardens that have been affected by rain, snow and freezing weather, after the temperature has stabilized, combined with field tillage, early spring fertilization, and appropriate increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. If possible, 0.3%~0.5% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used for foliar fertilization. .
5. Strengthen the prevention of pests and diseases. Low-temperature freezing will reduce the base of aboveground diseases and insect pests, but basically has no effect on the base of underground diseases and insect pests. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the invasion of diseases and insect pests by freezing wounds caused by low-temperature freezing, and timely prevention, especially for the prevention of underground pests and diseases, can be timely after the beginning of spring Carry out root irrigation with medicament to control the infection of pathogenic bacteria to the maximum extent.
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