In the past, many chestnut seedlings were used in chestnut, and the varieties were mixed. The tree species were tall, the results were late, the yield was low, the size was very serious, and even a large number of chestnut trees did not produce fruit, or the results were few, and the empty rate was high. For such chestnut cultivars, the selection of superior cultivars for high-yielding varieties can make full use of the robustness of the trunks of the chestnut trees and the characteristics of the developed root systems, resulting in higher yields in a shorter period of time. 1. Choosing the appropriate scion for the selection of suitable varieties requires strong grafting affinity. Such as Yangshan You Li can choose "Nongda 1", "Double Season" and so on. The structure of the tree is compact and there are many female flowers. The result is early, the quality is good, and the yield is high and stable. At the same time, it is best to choose a good variety with similar flowering duration, allocate a certain amount as a pollination tree, or graft 2-3 fine varieties together, and configure an appropriate number of pollination branches on the large anvil to increase the fruit setting rate and seed setting rate. 2. The grafted parts of the chestnut tree can be changed from several years to several decades, but it is better not to exceed 20 years. Grafting sites can have the following options: 2.1 The main branch, vice main branch long high contact when the trunk is less than 1 meter high, the main branch, the main branch when the distribution is uniform, the main branch, vice main branch grafting. The advantage is that it is easy to operate and canopy culture is easy, but the new canopy formed is still high. 2.2 Crown Long High Grafting Graft 20-30 or more branches on the upper 3--6 cm thick branches of the tree. The advantage is that the new canopy is formed quickly and put into production early, but it has a high pick-up, more scion, inconvenient operation and management, and the canopy is still large. 2.3 If the main trunk is higher than 1.5 meters above the main trunk and the main branch is small, it will be high on the main trunk of 50-80 centimeters. The advantage is that it is easy to operate and the tree is dwarfed, but it is not easy to heal firmly. Litchi workload is large, and the new canopy is formed and put into operation later. 2.4 The main germinating shoots are cut off at about 50 cm in the main trunk, and the buds are grown and grafted. The dwarf tree is easy to operate, easy to heal and grow fast. 3 Grafting time and methods are generally conducted from early March to early April. The anvil is peeled, inserted, cut, or abdomen. Twigs were either peeled or inserted. It can also be used in the fall from early September to early October. 4 After the grafting and transformation of the low-yielding old trees, because the rootstock has a relatively large cross-sectional area, and some trunks or large branches of the wood rot into holes, which is conducive to the invasion of bacteria, it is necessary to carry out wound preservation. That is, apply 1% copper sulfate or 0.2% carbendazim, wait until dry and then wrap the membrane or apply wax to protect it. Immediately after the removal of Meng, untie, lychee. When the shoot grows more than 30 centimeters, the tender shoots (about 30 centimeters or so) are removed, which can promote the growth of new shoots, full shoots, timely germination of 2-3 secondary shoots, and topping the secondary shoots again. Take heart 3-4 times. This can quickly form a new canopy. At the same time, the dense branches or slender branches should be removed as soon as possible. And fertilization, intercropping, etc., to promote the growth of chestnut trees, early formation of a better tree shape.
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