Macrobrachium rosenbergii, also known as Malaysian prawns, is one of the most expensive aquatic products to be developed rapidly in recent years. It is known for its large size, fast growth, high yield, short cycle, and good efficiency. China has aquaculture promotion in more than 10 provinces and it has now become the main breed of freshwater shrimp in China.
Dongping Lake is located in Tai'an City, in the southwest of Shandong Province. Its water source is mainly from the Yellow River. In recent years, the Yellow River has been dry during the first half of the year, and the water supply to the Dongping Lake has been severely deficient. This has brought serious impact on the aquaculture industry near Dongping Lake. Variety with long production cycle is no longer suitable for breeding near Dongping Lake. In order to explore the breeding conditions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the area and to seek new breeds for fish farmers near Dongping Lake, in 1999, the author conducted experiments on the breeding of Macrobrachium rosenbergii at Dongping Lake, and achieved good results. Economic benefits. The summary is as follows:
First, culture conditions
1. Pond conditions. The author selected four ponds in the farms under the Dongping County Aquatic Products Bureau in Shandong Province. The ponds are rectangular in size and are 2.5 mu, 2.5 mu, 3 mu, and 3 mu. The ponds are made of clay. The water retention performance is good, and drainage and irrigation are convenient.
2, water quality conditions. Due to the drought in recent years and the lack of water before the rainy season, Dongpinghu District uses deep well water for a period of time. After entering the rainy season in July, when the Dongping Lake is rich, reuse the lake water. Whether it is deep well water or lake water, the water quality conditions are good and the pond water depth is 1.5-2.0 meters. Each pond is equipped with an aerator.
Second, prepare before transplanting
1, clear pond disinfection. Ten days before the stocking of shrimps, 60 kg of quicklime was poured into the water to kill the enemy's harmful organisms and pathogenic bacteria.
2, water injection. On the 7th to 8th days after the general clear pond, water injection starts. Since deep well water is used at this time, it can only be used after a period of exposure.
3, set hidden objects. Macrobrachium rosenbergii has the habit of mutual sustenance, and artificial concealment should be added to the water in order to facilitate shrimp inhabitation and shelling, reducing mutual disability. The commonly used method is to store the water hyacinth on the surface of the water, and the effect is better.
4, cultivate palatability food. It is an important technical measure to increase the growth rate and survival rate of juvenile shrimps during the shrimp farming process by adopting fertilization methods before fertilization and fertilizing the quality of water and breeding large quantities of prawns. After the injection of water, the chicken manure and pig manure that have been fermented are often used in combination with local conditions. The amount of fertilizer depends on the quality of the water, generally 40-50 kilograms per mu, transparency is controlled at about 30 centimeters, so that the water quality is kept fresh, live, tender and cool as well.
Third, shrimp stocking
The shrimps were all purchased from the breeding factory of the Shanghai Jinshan Shrimp Aquaculture Co., Ltd., and their specifications were 0.8-1.0 cm in length. (See Table 1 for the seedlings in each pond.)
Fourth, feed the bait
In the first week after the shrimps had been placed in the pond, there were some natural bio-feeds in the ponds, and no feed was needed at this time, or a small amount of egg tarts (eggs + fish meal + furazolidone + maternal steamed) was added. One week later, the feed for Macrobrachium rosenbergii began to be fed. In general, before the shrimp body length is less than 4 cm, the feeding rate is about 15%, and the feeding rate is 3 times a day, respectively, at 8:00, 13:00, and 18:00, and each feeding amount accounts for the daily feeding amount. 30%, 20%, 50%, 4-8 centimeters, feeding rate is 8%, can be divided into two, 8:00 am and 18:00 pm, each feeding amount is the amount of daily feeding 40% and 60%; when the body length is longer than 8 cm, the feeding rate is 5%, which is performed in two separate ways. At 8:00 am and 18:00 pm, the amount of each feeding is 35% of the daily feeding amount respectively. 65%. V. Daily management
Adhere to the morning and evening patrol ponds, pay attention to observe the shrimp activity and eating conditions, and make records. The timely start of the aerator, to prevent the lack of oxygen floating head, especially in the hot season of July-August, should pay attention to the adjustment of water quality, so that the water quality to maintain "fresh, live, tender, cool." At the same time, every 15 days, the body weight of the shrimp should be sampled and the amount of feed should be adjusted in time to prevent the shrimp from killing each other due to lack of food.
Sixth, disease prevention
Although Macrobrachium rosenbergii has fewer diseases in the breeding process, it must also be “preventiveâ€. When preparing for seedlings, use lime to completely disinfect the pond. In the breeding process, oxytetracycline is usually added once a day to the feed, and the amount is 1 mg per kg of feed to increase its resistance. Due to proper prevention, in the breeding process, there is basically no occurrence of a large number of shrimp deaths due to diseases.
Seven, shrimp harvest and economic efficiency analysis
1, production. After a period of cultivation, the harvest was carried out from the end of September to the beginning of the 10th. (See Table 2 for the harvest conditions of each pool)
2, economic benefits. According to the local wholesale price of Macrobrachium shrimp shrimp 25 yuan / kg, the total income of 318,225 yuan = 79,550 yuan. The total expenditure is 42250 yuan and the profit is 37300 yuan. The input-output ratio is 1:1.88, which has achieved significant economic benefits.
Eight, aquaculture experience
1. Pond conditions. Macrobrachium rosenbergii was cultivated near Dongping Lake. The larvae had only been released for a period of time. Dongping Lake was usually a dry season. At this time, the general deep underground water is used for changing the water. Therefore, the culture pond is required to be located in a place rich in groundwater and good in water quality. At the same time, it is required that the soil of the pond is clay and the water retention performance is good. In addition, the area should not be too large, generally 1-3 acres is appropriate.
2. Strengthen daily management. It is very important to strengthen the morning and evening patrols. Macrobrachium rosenbergii has nocturnal habits. In the evening patrol ponds, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the shrimps are abnormal or have floating heads. Macrobrachium rosenbergii also has habits of mutual sustenance. When feeding feed, it must be uniform to avoid affecting the survival rate and growth due to inequality in feeding. In addition, when deep well water is used to change the water, it is better to have a storage tank. After the water is pumped up for a day, it is better to avoid directly injecting deep well water into the shrimp pond.
3, holding problems in the middle of the shrimp seedlings. The newly-purchased shrimp of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is relatively small, and it has just been weakened. It has a relatively weak constitution, poor adaptability to the environment, and a weak ability to evade predators. At this time, if the intensive cultivation for a period of time (20-30 days), when the shrimp body length reaches 2-3 cm and then put into the pond for breeding is more appropriate. On the other hand, during the period when the seedlings were first released, the Dongping Lake was a dry period, and the intermediate holding was carried out. This can not only increase the survival rate, but also save water and reduce the cost of breeding.
Schedule 1. Shrimp stocking situation in each test pond
Pond Number Area Stocking Quantity Stocking Density
(Mu) (million) (tail/square meters)
# 27 1 2.5 4.5
2# 2.5 5.0 30
3# 3 6.0 30
4# 3 6.0 30
Schedule 2. Harvest of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in each test pond
Pool No. Stocking Quantity Yield Average BW Yield Survival Rate
(Ten thousand) (kg) (g) (kg / mu) (%)
1# 4.5 676 24.4 270.4 61.6
2# 5.0 752 23.8 300.8 63.2
3# 6.0 848 25.0 282.7 56.3
4# 6.0 906 22.1 302 68.2
Total 3182 21.5 23.8 289.3 62.3
Excerpt from: Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Fisheries Bureau of Dongping County, Shandong Province
Dongping Lake is located in Tai'an City, in the southwest of Shandong Province. Its water source is mainly from the Yellow River. In recent years, the Yellow River has been dry during the first half of the year, and the water supply to the Dongping Lake has been severely deficient. This has brought serious impact on the aquaculture industry near Dongping Lake. Variety with long production cycle is no longer suitable for breeding near Dongping Lake. In order to explore the breeding conditions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in the area and to seek new breeds for fish farmers near Dongping Lake, in 1999, the author conducted experiments on the breeding of Macrobrachium rosenbergii at Dongping Lake, and achieved good results. Economic benefits. The summary is as follows:
First, culture conditions
1. Pond conditions. The author selected four ponds in the farms under the Dongping County Aquatic Products Bureau in Shandong Province. The ponds are rectangular in size and are 2.5 mu, 2.5 mu, 3 mu, and 3 mu. The ponds are made of clay. The water retention performance is good, and drainage and irrigation are convenient.
2, water quality conditions. Due to the drought in recent years and the lack of water before the rainy season, Dongpinghu District uses deep well water for a period of time. After entering the rainy season in July, when the Dongping Lake is rich, reuse the lake water. Whether it is deep well water or lake water, the water quality conditions are good and the pond water depth is 1.5-2.0 meters. Each pond is equipped with an aerator.
Second, prepare before transplanting
1, clear pond disinfection. Ten days before the stocking of shrimps, 60 kg of quicklime was poured into the water to kill the enemy's harmful organisms and pathogenic bacteria.
2, water injection. On the 7th to 8th days after the general clear pond, water injection starts. Since deep well water is used at this time, it can only be used after a period of exposure.
3, set hidden objects. Macrobrachium rosenbergii has the habit of mutual sustenance, and artificial concealment should be added to the water in order to facilitate shrimp inhabitation and shelling, reducing mutual disability. The commonly used method is to store the water hyacinth on the surface of the water, and the effect is better.
4, cultivate palatability food. It is an important technical measure to increase the growth rate and survival rate of juvenile shrimps during the shrimp farming process by adopting fertilization methods before fertilization and fertilizing the quality of water and breeding large quantities of prawns. After the injection of water, the chicken manure and pig manure that have been fermented are often used in combination with local conditions. The amount of fertilizer depends on the quality of the water, generally 40-50 kilograms per mu, transparency is controlled at about 30 centimeters, so that the water quality is kept fresh, live, tender and cool as well.
Third, shrimp stocking
The shrimps were all purchased from the breeding factory of the Shanghai Jinshan Shrimp Aquaculture Co., Ltd., and their specifications were 0.8-1.0 cm in length. (See Table 1 for the seedlings in each pond.)
Fourth, feed the bait
In the first week after the shrimps had been placed in the pond, there were some natural bio-feeds in the ponds, and no feed was needed at this time, or a small amount of egg tarts (eggs + fish meal + furazolidone + maternal steamed) was added. One week later, the feed for Macrobrachium rosenbergii began to be fed. In general, before the shrimp body length is less than 4 cm, the feeding rate is about 15%, and the feeding rate is 3 times a day, respectively, at 8:00, 13:00, and 18:00, and each feeding amount accounts for the daily feeding amount. 30%, 20%, 50%, 4-8 centimeters, feeding rate is 8%, can be divided into two, 8:00 am and 18:00 pm, each feeding amount is the amount of daily feeding 40% and 60%; when the body length is longer than 8 cm, the feeding rate is 5%, which is performed in two separate ways. At 8:00 am and 18:00 pm, the amount of each feeding is 35% of the daily feeding amount respectively. 65%. V. Daily management
Adhere to the morning and evening patrol ponds, pay attention to observe the shrimp activity and eating conditions, and make records. The timely start of the aerator, to prevent the lack of oxygen floating head, especially in the hot season of July-August, should pay attention to the adjustment of water quality, so that the water quality to maintain "fresh, live, tender, cool." At the same time, every 15 days, the body weight of the shrimp should be sampled and the amount of feed should be adjusted in time to prevent the shrimp from killing each other due to lack of food.
Sixth, disease prevention
Although Macrobrachium rosenbergii has fewer diseases in the breeding process, it must also be “preventiveâ€. When preparing for seedlings, use lime to completely disinfect the pond. In the breeding process, oxytetracycline is usually added once a day to the feed, and the amount is 1 mg per kg of feed to increase its resistance. Due to proper prevention, in the breeding process, there is basically no occurrence of a large number of shrimp deaths due to diseases.
Seven, shrimp harvest and economic efficiency analysis
1, production. After a period of cultivation, the harvest was carried out from the end of September to the beginning of the 10th. (See Table 2 for the harvest conditions of each pool)
2, economic benefits. According to the local wholesale price of Macrobrachium shrimp shrimp 25 yuan / kg, the total income of 318,225 yuan = 79,550 yuan. The total expenditure is 42250 yuan and the profit is 37300 yuan. The input-output ratio is 1:1.88, which has achieved significant economic benefits.
Eight, aquaculture experience
1. Pond conditions. Macrobrachium rosenbergii was cultivated near Dongping Lake. The larvae had only been released for a period of time. Dongping Lake was usually a dry season. At this time, the general deep underground water is used for changing the water. Therefore, the culture pond is required to be located in a place rich in groundwater and good in water quality. At the same time, it is required that the soil of the pond is clay and the water retention performance is good. In addition, the area should not be too large, generally 1-3 acres is appropriate.
2. Strengthen daily management. It is very important to strengthen the morning and evening patrols. Macrobrachium rosenbergii has nocturnal habits. In the evening patrol ponds, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the shrimps are abnormal or have floating heads. Macrobrachium rosenbergii also has habits of mutual sustenance. When feeding feed, it must be uniform to avoid affecting the survival rate and growth due to inequality in feeding. In addition, when deep well water is used to change the water, it is better to have a storage tank. After the water is pumped up for a day, it is better to avoid directly injecting deep well water into the shrimp pond.
3, holding problems in the middle of the shrimp seedlings. The newly-purchased shrimp of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is relatively small, and it has just been weakened. It has a relatively weak constitution, poor adaptability to the environment, and a weak ability to evade predators. At this time, if the intensive cultivation for a period of time (20-30 days), when the shrimp body length reaches 2-3 cm and then put into the pond for breeding is more appropriate. On the other hand, during the period when the seedlings were first released, the Dongping Lake was a dry period, and the intermediate holding was carried out. This can not only increase the survival rate, but also save water and reduce the cost of breeding.
Schedule 1. Shrimp stocking situation in each test pond
Pond Number Area Stocking Quantity Stocking Density
(Mu) (million) (tail/square meters)
# 27 1 2.5 4.5
2# 2.5 5.0 30
3# 3 6.0 30
4# 3 6.0 30
Schedule 2. Harvest of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in each test pond
Pool No. Stocking Quantity Yield Average BW Yield Survival Rate
(Ten thousand) (kg) (g) (kg / mu) (%)
1# 4.5 676 24.4 270.4 61.6
2# 5.0 752 23.8 300.8 63.2
3# 6.0 848 25.0 282.7 56.3
4# 6.0 906 22.1 302 68.2
Total 3182 21.5 23.8 289.3 62.3
Excerpt from: Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Fisheries Bureau of Dongping County, Shandong Province
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