1. Maize Virus Disease: Mainly includes rough dwarf disease and mosaic stripe disease. Both diseases can infect corn plants from seedlings to heading, and the earlier the disease, the heavier the damage. In recent years, such diseases have become increasingly serious. If they are not controlled, they will often result in production cuts of varying degrees, or even no harvest. Control measures are as follows: 1.1 Selection of disease-resistant varieties to reduce the planting area of ​​susceptible varieties 1.2 Chemical seed dressing: Use 20% carbofuran seed coating agent to coat seeds at the ratio of 1:40-50 of medicinal species, or use 60% 3911 , 50% methamidophos and other systemic organophosphorus pesticides 100 grams, add 6-8 kg of water dressing 50 kg, can effectively control the seedling period of transmission of poisonous pests. 1.3 Eradicate poisonous sites: Remove the weeds at the edge of the canal and the roadside in a timely manner, and reduce the activities of the traffic worms and slugs. 1.4 Strengthen field management and increase plant resistance to diseases: Weeding and weeding, timely dressing and watering, topdressing potash fertilizer, and improving the disease resistance of corn plants. 1.5 Chemical control: The main effective pharmaceutical agents are virus a, disease-infecting phytosanitary agents, and virucidal bactericide. At the beginning of the disease, 2% of virus a WP can be sprayed 500 times, or 1.5% of phytolchnesis 1000 times. Or 5% of mycorrhizal clear 500 times the liquid for prevention and control, while before the jointing of corn, should be combined with the treatment of aphids in order to reduce the source of bacteria, to prevent the occurrence of viral diseases. May use 50% methamidophos or 40% omethoate 1000 times spray control. Prevent and control once every 5-7 days, continuous control 2-3 days, the effect is ideal. 2, soybean downy mildew: In recent years, soybean planting area increased year by year, followed by soybean mildew is also becoming increasingly serious, resulting in early leaf fall or withering, seed mildew, cut production 30% -50%. The disease mainly damages seedlings or adult plants, pods and beans. Seedlings growing from diseased seeds can develop systemic disease; cotyledons have no symptoms, and chlorotic plaques appear from the base of the first pair of true leaves, spreading along the main veins and lateral veins, causing total leaf quiescence. After the whole plant leaves are significantly. Before and after the flowering period, there is a lot of rain or humidity. There is a layer of gray mold on the back of the lesion. The diseased leaves are yellowish and brown, and the leaves are infected with a moldy layer on the back. The affected beans are white and dull, with a layer of yellow-white powder on the surface. Mold layer. The pathogenic temperature is 20-22°C, and the highest temperature is 30°C. Heavy rain and high humidity occur from July to August. The prevention and control methods are as follows: 2.1 Cleaning the garden reduces pathogens. 2.2 Use disease-free seeds. 2.3 Seed treatment. Before seeding, seed dressing was carried out with a powder with a seed weight of 0.3% of 90% diethylaluminum phosphate or 35% metalaxyl (Drumyromycin). 2.4 Strengthen field management: At the time of deforestation, take care to eradicate the infested diseased plants and reduce the sources of field infestation. 2.5 In the early stage of onset, 75% chlorothalonil WP can be sprayed 600-800 times or 25% metalaxyl WP 800 times, 58% metalaxyl Zn WP 600 times, 64% antivirus Wettable powder 500 times, 72% Kelu wettable powder 700-800 times liquid, if resistant to the above-mentioned drugs, can use 60% Anchuang zinc wettable powder 900-1000 times liquid. 3, sesame leaf spot: sesame bacterial leaf spot disease is also called sesame spot bacterial disease, mainly damage leaves, seedling stage, adult stage can be the disease. The seedlings can be infected when they are barely found, and the base of the petiole near the ground becomes black and dead. The adult leaves were infected, the lesions were polygonal, and the size was 2-4 mm dark brown. There was a yellow halo in the early stage and no obvious late stage. When the humidity is high, the back of the leaves overflows with bacteria and pus. When the leaves are dry, they are detached or perforated, causing early fall of leaves and a significant reduction in production. The growth of germs was 30°C, the highest was 35°C, the lowest was 0°C, and the growth was not possible at 41°C. The lethal temperature was 49°C. The prevention and control method is as follows: spraying 1:1 100 times Bordeaux mixture or 30% suspension solution of Green Deliveries 300 times, 47% Garnett's wettable powder 700-800 times, and 12% green copper emulsion 600 as early as the onset. Diluent, 72% agricultural streptomycin 4000 times.
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