Alias: Xia Lan, Xia Qiu, Lan Qiu, Qiu Lan
Alias Source:
According to folklore, certain varieties of orchids are called "Xia Lan" during the midsummer season when they bloom. They are also referred to as "Xiayu" due to their abundance in flowers. Some main varieties are known as "Qiu Lan" or "Qiu Jin" in autumn. There are even some types that can be cultivated from late spring through early winter and are called "Four Seasons Blue."
Morphological Characteristics:
1. Jian Lanzhi Ye (Jianlan Leaf)
The leaves are ribbon-shaped, with a width ranging from 1.2 to 2.5 cm. This is considered the second-highest leaf width among rooted orchids, falling between narrow and wide. The length of the leaves typically ranges from 25 to 50 cm, placing them in the medium-to-high category.
It's safe to say that Jianlan leaves are well-proportioned and elegant.
On the western side of the plant, you often see large yin-yang leaves, upright sword-like leaves, phoenix-tail ridges slightly curved, thick-section wave-shaped leaves, upturned spoons, and end-arc turfs. There are also curved leaves, circumflex loops, dragon-like folds, fine silk-like textures, wide horse-ear shaped leaves, and various other leaf structures.
2. Jian Lan Flower
Jianlan is known for its strong flowering ability. It usually produces 2–3 connected plants, and without hormone treatment, it tends to flower more than usual. Each bloom can carry 5–11 flowers. The Sijilan variety blooms from late spring to early winter. In warmer regions, strong seedlings can flower within two to three years.
Jianlan refers to the main orchid species that bloom in the golden autumn of midsummer in China.
Jianlan plants are short, thick, and long. Their larger pseudo-bulb leaves have smooth surfaces, giving them strong resistance and adaptability. No matter where they are introduced, they thrive and display beautiful blooms. This makes them the top choice for orchid lovers.
3. Jian Lanzhixiang (Fragrance of Jianlan)
"Qiu Lan Yin Yu Chi, Chi Shui Qing and Fen." This line from Fu Yun, a poet of the Jin Dynasty, praises the fragrance of orchids, highlighting the unique charm of Jianlan. In summer and autumn, under the scorching sun, the fragrance is at its peak.
Origin: Fujian, the primary production area.
Living Habits:
Jianlan is adaptable, easy to grow, and easy to care for.
It was brought to Japan by Xu Shifu, an envoy sent by Emperor Qin Shi Huang to seek immortality elixirs. Locals who didn't know its origin later named it "Junhelan."
Jianlan has one of the longest cultivation histories and has been widely grown for centuries. Marshal Zhu De once praised it: “The Jianlan flora is vigorous, powerful, graceful, and full of charisma.†He encouraged people to cultivate and promote it.
Jianlan has a rich history and a large family. According to the Japanese scholar Tanabe Hetang’s book "The Fourth Festival of Orchid Cultivation," "Jianlan was brought by Xu Fu, an envoy of Qin Shi Huang." This suggests that its cultivation began before the reign of Qin Shi Huang (221 BC), making it over 2,200 years old.
The original variant of Jianlan is the standard Jianlan, with variants like Su Xin Jianlan and Jiao Ye Lan. Whether original or hybrid, there are fine-leaf, broad-leaf, long-leaf, short-leaf, upright, soft-leaf, and folded-leaf types. Naturally, there are dwarf varieties, rayon types, crystal art varieties, picture art varieties, and even heart-shaped and flower-shaped ones. Among these, many feature positive-lobe flowers, exotic butterfly flowers, mimicry flowers, and beauty flowers. Su Xin Hua comes in multiple colors—red, yellow, white, green, purple, and even black.
Due to historical constraints, traditional descriptions of Jianlan focused mainly on greenish flowers. As a result, there are over a hundred cultivars, making it difficult to fully count. This led to "Su Xinlan" becoming almost synonymous with "Jian Lan." Consequently, the true value of colorful and artistic varieties was overlooked. However, in modern times, the influence of Western aesthetics has sparked interest in blue-petaled flowers and floral art.
According to research by Chinese orchid expert He Qingzheng, Jianlan is the origin of line art in orchids. Its color variations, crystal effects, and artistic expressions are rich and diverse. The renewal of floral art is strong. At the end of the last century, the discovery of the three-leaf triple-flower variety was a perfect example of this evolution.
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