For the stable production of grain, the domestic non-genetically modified soybeans made another sacrifice.

Heilongjiang Province, which accounts for two-thirds of soybean production in the country, has determined this year that in order to ensure that the area of ​​grain crops in the province is stable at 200 million mu, the province’s corn and rice will increase by 6.5 million mu and 350 million mu respectively, and soybeans will be reduced to 50 million. mu.

“In 2010, the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang was 67,177,000 mu, which has decreased by 5762,000 mu compared with the previous year, with a decline of nearly 8%.” Zhou Fengmin, the deputy chairman of the National People's Congress and the president of the People's Bank of China Harbin Center Branch, told reporters. In the two sessions this year, he brought the soybean bill formed after the investigation to Beijing.

When domestic soybeans were squeezed into the "corner corner" by imported soybeans in the crushing sector, the non-genetically modified advantages made Chinese soybeans become a strong international industry in the food industry such as soybean protein. Unfortunately, such strength did not make non-genetically modified soybeans the first choice for farmers. China Soybean Industry Association predicts that in the next 5 to 10 years, China's soybean food and food processing will face shortage of raw materials. Soybean planting area continues to reduce the shortage of raw materials to make things worse.

"Over the past 10 years, the world soybean production has increased by an average of 4%, but most of the increase has been feed-grade genetically modified soybeans rather than food-grade non-genetically modified soybeans." Liu Denggao, vice president of the China Soybean Industry Association, told reporters, "China is the world's The largest non-genetically modified soybean producer, the total output has been stagnating, and it is common to maintain food and sacrifice soybeans."

China's soy protein accounts for half of China's foreign trade. China's soybeans, which have been cut acreage, have been favored by foreigners. According to a report provided by the China Soybean Industry Association, China's soy protein exports already account for 50% of international trade.

"In the international market, there are more than 2,500 kinds of foods in the United States that need to add soy protein, and Japan consumes more than 600,000 tons of soy protein every year." Liu Denggao told reporters, "Even if the world-class giant of the soybean trade and processing industry is Cargill, it must Imports of non-genetically modified soybeans in China. U.S. exports to China are also made using Chinese soy protein as raw materials."

Liu Denggao said that almost all foreign companies require that edible protein powder must be made from non-genetically modified soybeans. “We have randomly checked the purchase contracts of Thailand, England, Russia, Germany and other countries in Shandong Gushen Group. There are two common terms in all contracts: the first requirement is to indicate the origin of raw materials for soybeans; the second requirement can only be used. GM soybeans are used as raw materials, and importers from Japan and the United States are not only strict with the contract, but also send experts to inspect the environment and planting technology of raw material production sites, and also conduct inspections on soybean raw materials in person, and some send representatives to supervise the processing workshops to prevent genetically modified plants. Soybean ingredients are mixed in." Liu Denggao told reporters.

According to Li Denglong, chairman of Gushen Group, five years ago, only a dozen countries imported soybean protein powder from China, and now more than 50 countries have imported soybean protein powder from China.

In the statistics of the China Soybean Industry Association, at present, China's soybean protein foods are growing at a rate of 10% in the European and American markets, and domestic soybeans used for food processing in China are also increasing at a rate of 1 million tons per year. More than 10 million tons, accounting for 65% of total production. Product types increased to more than 10,000 species.

There is no doubt that the domestic soybean enterprises will transfer to soy protein, there will be a market for demand.

"Compared with about 5% of the domestic edible oil processing industry's profit margin, the profit margin of about 27% of soy protein products is almost 'profiteering'." Some insiders said, "The huge profits of soybean processing have attracted more food Oil companies have joined them, and domestic companies have begun competing for the soy protein powder project."

“The processing capability of Gushen Group soybean protein powder is 200,000 tons in 2010. After the completion of the second phase project at the end of last year, the processing capacity will reach 600,000 tons in 2011.” Li Denglong said, “Our products are exported to Russia 95%, Australia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Indonesia and South Africa, and more than 50 countries and regions, in which the total revenue of the company in 2009 reached 1.29 billion yuan, and the profit was 120 million yuan."

“In addition to the Gushen Group, the Texas Yuwang Group has four processing plants located in two provinces, Shandong and Heilongjiang, with an annual processing capacity of 400,000 tons of soybeans and 240,000 tons of soybean meal. The Yuwang Group has non-genetically modified soybeans in Heilongjiang. It has a base of 90,000 mu and a storage capacity of 100,000 tons, and produces 70,000 tons of soybean protein annually. The products are exported to more than 20 countries and regions such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and Southeast Asia.” Liu Denggao said, “The largest domestic soybean processing in the country. The Jiuzhai Group has turned to soybean food processing and production since 2010. Hebei Huifu Grain and Oil plans to increase its processing capacity from 2 million tons to 8 million tons within three years, and has independently developed new products such as soybean lecithin and dietary soybean oil. China Textile Group is also preparing to open a soybean protein processing project."

It is reported that before the mid-1990s, only a few manufacturers in China including Jilin Qianguo, Heilongjiang Sanjiang and Hubei Yunmeng produced soy protein. “In recent years, due to meat processing and milk powder processing at home and abroad, soybean protein was used as an ingredient. Market demand for non-genetically modified soy protein has increased dramatically, and domestic companies have invested in the construction of soy protein isolate processing plants.” Liu Denggao told reporters. According to statistics of the Soybean Products Committee, in 2009 domestic processed soybeans increased by 64% compared with 2008, and sales increased by 40%. In 2007, there were only seven of the country's soybean processing sales of billions of yuan, 13 in 2008, and 24 in 2009. There are now two billion yuan in sales.

Soybean cultivation is far less profitable than corn and rice. However, the seemingly promising outlook for the domestically produced soy food processing industry has not brought with it the enthusiasm of bean farmers.

Liu Denggao told reporters that the reduction in soybean planting area is forming a shortage of raw materials. "The import shock and the decline in income of soybean farmers have become major issues that cannot be solved for many years."

According to Liu Denggao, in 1996, China, which had just become a soybean importer, only imported 1.1 million tons of soybeans throughout the year. "But in 2010, this figure has soared to about 54.8 million tons, which has increased 45 times in 15 years."

"China's soybean imports in 2010 increased by about 29% year-on-year, which is rare in the world." Liu Denggao told reporters, this even led to the domestic stock of soybean in the main producing area has more than 600 million tons of inventory, accounting for output 40% to 50%. “Despite the fact that the national temporary deposit policy has protected the interests of soybean farmers from further losses, the soybeans purchased in large quantities have been placed in warehouses, and soybeans that have not participated in the cycle have been destroyed after two years,” said Liu Denggao.

The senior industry analyst of the Center for the Promotion of Circulation Productivity in China, Zhan Hao, told reporters that although the purchase price of the State Reserve is relatively high, the standards are strict and only a small proportion of domestic soybeans can meet the standard. “Farmers who want to sell beans to the State Reserve must increase transportation, warehousing, etc. Secondly, soybeans have a competitive relationship with corn and rice, and their planting profits are not as good as those of the latter two. Plus, the country must first protect the supply of grain and it will not grow soybeans significantly."

This situation was verified in the research of Zhou Fengmin's representative. He told reporters that compared with other food crops, the income from planting soybeans is obviously at a disadvantage. “From the current situation, under the general increase in grain prices in the autumn of 2010, the purchase prices of rice, corn and soybeans in the three major food crop markets rose by 9%, 13% and 6%, respectively, and the soybean yield was about 215 yuan per mu. The income per mu is about 300 yuan, much higher than soybeans.

The willingness of farmers to grow soybeans continues to decline. It is expected that in 2011 Heilongjiang will still reduce soybean planting by more than 5 million mu. ”

Sun Dongsheng, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Heilongjiang CPPCC, also conducted several investigations and visits for this purpose. “Heilongjiang Province is the main soybean producing area. I have to turn around during the spring harvest, and you will feel another way among the farmer households. When you go to the soybean farms, the output is very small, and the yield is about 300 pounds per mu. The contrast between income and rice farmers is relatively large."

"Kankan soybeans do not need to ask questions." Extensive domestic soybean planting also affects soybean production. According to the introduction of the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the average yield of soybean in Anhui Province is only 86 kg, which is less than half of the soybean yield in surrounding Henan, Hebei and Jiangsu Provinces. In the major soybean producing areas in Northeast China, farmers' soybean yield per mu is about 30-50 kg lower than that of farms.

"Despite not changing the situation of China's extensive harvest and waste of land resources, the vigorous development of the soybean food and food processing industry will eventually lead to raw material panic," said Liu Denggao.

Safeguarding non-genetically modified soybeans and soybeans is one of the earliest agricultural products whose market protection has been eliminated in China. The import channels are very smooth. Faced with the high oil export rate and low price of imported soybeans, even domestic experts have expressed that they can give up domestic soybeans.

"We are also reluctant to give up the children who are defective. Why should such good soybeans be abandoned?" Liu Denggao said.

"As the largest exporter of genetically modified soybeans, the U.S. edible soybeans are non-genetically modified soybeans, and the genetically modified soybeans are mainly used for the manufacture of animal feed and exports," Liu Denggao told reporters.

He said that after a press report about planting genetically modified soybeans in a local country last year, he received an anxious call from the Japan Soybean Association: "If China does not plant non-genetically modified soybeans, where do we go to buy beans?"

Liu Denggao said that the field of deep processing of soybeans is wide and there are more and more types of soybean foods. Domestically produced non-genetically modified soybeans are high-quality raw materials for natural health care and pharmaceutical products. "In the eyes of the association, as a scarce resource for China's non-GM soybeans, the industrial direction is to do food, and the task of making feed is left to imported soybeans." Liu Denggao told reporters, therefore, to ensure that domestic soybeans account for 30% of the industrial safety bottom line Establish a non-GMO soya planting reserve and do not approve the planting of genetically modified soybeans in China. "This relates to the protection of species, which is crucial."

Liu Denggao said that if the ban on GM soybean cultivation is not strict, domestic soybeans will lose a considerable international market. Due to the spread of foreign genetically modified soybeans in the world, the quality advantages of domestically produced non-genetically modified soybeans will become more apparent. "Recently, the CIF price for non-GM soybeans imported from Canada was 5,200 yuan/ton, while the CIF value of imported GM soybeans was only 3,950 yuan/ton. The price of domestically-made non-GM soybeans was 715 US dollars/ton (about 4692). Yuan / ton. This shows that in the food field, domestic non-genetically modified, high-protein soybeans have obvious competitive advantages and are in use." Liu Denggao said.

Cross-border grain merchants have controlled more than 80% of China's soybean processing capacity. It is reported that Sun Dongsheng, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Heilongjiang CPPCC, has this year brought a proposal of “Proposing the protection of soybean industry safety to sustainable development” to the two sessions of the country. Sun Dongsheng said that multinational grain merchants have controlled more than 80% of China's soybean processing capacity by participating in mergers and acquisitions and sole proprietorship, and have formed a pattern of “soyabeans in South America, soybeans in China, and fixed prices in the United States” globally.

“The security of China’s soybean industry is directly threatened. If the national policy cannot be followed in a timely manner, it will endanger the rice and corn industries and will gradually spread to the upper and lower reaches of the grain industry.” Sun Dongsheng said.

Heilongjiang Province once took "Defending Longjiang Soybeans" as a strategy. Heilongjiang, as the country's main soybean producing area, has more than 20,000 farmer species resources and more than 6,700 wild soybean germplasm resources, and the annual soybean production is over 5 million tons. However, in recent years, disorderly competition from foreign companies is eroding high-quality soybean populations and even threatening the entire industrial chain.

"Foreign companies' appearance of 'market competition' has caused domestic soybean processing companies to close down one after another. Afterwards, they have taken measures to extend the planting industry. In fact, this is equivalent to breaking every link in our industrial chain. Our industry needs to The whole team lost the battle.” Sun Dongsheng said that he is not worried about the collapse of one or two companies, but the demise of high-quality soybean resources and the collapse of the entire soybean industry chain.

Sun Dongsheng’s anxiety was that “the foreign soybean processing companies that have settled in China’s mainland have built processing and production workshops around the densely populated city clusters instead of the soybean production areas and used the raw grain resources they control to carry out off-site processing and value-added, comprehensively using international futures prices. Changes, origins of genetically modified organisms, advanced oil extraction technology and equipment, and a flexible and robust sales network have knocked down ethnic processing companies and created an incident called 'peapods hurt farmers', which has laid a nuanced foundation for manipulating China's soybean industry in the future. ."

To this end, Sun Dongsheng suggested that the foreign investment in the upstream and downstream sectors of the soybean industry should be supervised.

Liu Denggao, vice president of the China Soybean Industry Association, told reporters that the current soy protein food processing companies are in an upswing, and that building a company can make a profit. However, according to processing companies, there are vicious competitions between domestic soybean protein export companies competing against each other. “The export price of domestic non-genetically modified soybean protein powder has dropped to 20,000 yuan/ton, while the price of imported foreign products still maintains 30,000 to 50,000 yuan/ton. If the state does not pay attention to guiding enterprises to overcome vicious competition, it will not guide processing companies to establish standards. Brands can be easily used by international monopolies. There are signs that the domestic soybean processing industry will be destroyed due to vicious competition at home and be controlled by foreign monopoly forces like soybean oil processing."

“The outstanding problem for China's soy food processing companies is not the lack of foreign capital, but the lack of mechanisms and lack of collaboration.” Liu Denggao told reporters that the proposal is for the country to guide and support industrial integration through the establishment of a soybean industry fund, and to support the soybean industry collaborative development project. The cluster of soybean food processing enterprises continues to promote the industrialization and internationalization of deep processing of domestic soybeans, "to prevent the foreign capital from monopolizing the tragedy of the Chinese soybean oil press."